Research On Dong Qiao, A Survivor Of The Ming Dynasty

Dong Qiao is a famous reclusive poet in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties in Shandong.Moreover,he is the typical “adherent of Ming dynasty” between the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty.The family that he was born in is a famous local family in Laiyang.Several generations of the Dong family in Laiyang have learnt Chinese culture,and the family was famous for Dong Qiao.Dong Qiao was a scholar in Ming feudal society.After the collapse of Ming Dynasty,he refused to follow Qing Dynasty.So,he abandoned the identity of scholar of Ming Dynasty.He lived in the mountain as a farmer,in which he concentrated on studying poetry and grammar.During that time,he traveled around the mountains and rivers,and contacted with Shandong and Jiangnan literatis.Dong Qiao's existent poetry of the West Mountain remains in the world.This paper is divided into four chapters to make a comprehensive and systematic study of the Dong Qiao and his poetry:The first chapter researches the life and family history of Dong Qiao.The first section briefly introduces the characteristics of Laiyang's regional culture in Ming and Qing Dynasties from the perspective of regional culture.The second section reviews the development of Dong family in Laiyang and gives a brief introduction to family's dominating figure.The third section has a detailed research on Dong Qiao's life story and summarized his characteristics.The main research object of the second chapter is Dong Qiao's friends.The first section introduces the background and academic atmosphere of Shandong in late Ming and early Qing Dynasties,from three aspects of the development and prosperity of literature,the conditions of Shandong literaties,and the recluse tendency of the Han Scholars in the early Qing Dynasty.The second section divides into four parts to examine Dong Qiao's friends,from four aspects of the geopolitical friends,the same career's friends,the Qing Dynasty's official friends,and the Ming Dynasty's reclusive friends.The third chapter discusses the activities of Dong Qiao whose attitudes was faithful to the Ming Dynasty and resisted to the Ming Dynasty.Dong Qiao participated in the loyalty and resistance activities two times.The first section narrates a story of killed Da Shun Dynasty's official.The second section examines Dong Qiao participated in the first the Yu QI uprising,did't participate in the second Yu QI uprising.The third section mainly studies the cause of Dong Qiao's attitudes from the external,internal and personal experience cause.But the change of the society eventually influenced the attitude of Dong Qiao toword the Qing Dynasty.The fourth chapter is the study of Dong Qiao's poetry.The first section,based on the content of the poem and the central thought expressed by the author,divides Dong Qiao's poetry into three themes: feelings poetry,antiphon poetry and topographical poetry.The second section analyzes the artistic style of poetry from four aspects: literary talent,rhetorical devices,structure level and poetry conception.