Research On Teacher-Student Turnover In Spoken Chinese Class

On the basic of a CSL Speaking Class corpus,this paper carefully analyzes turn-taking in teacher-student interaction and student-student interaction,using the Conversation Analysis theory and the Interaction theory,following the approach of qualitative and quantitative analysis.Firstly,we discuss turn-taking method from turn-opening,turn-holding and turn-yielding.Commonly used verbal methods are discourse markers,repetition,feedback,feedback response,question,discourse unfinished mark,teaching instruction,courtesies,code-switching,etc.;nonverbal methods are interruption,laughter,pause,silence,voice extended,body movement,etc.Then,4 turn-taking modes and 16 sub-turn-taking modes from teacher-initiated and student-initiated perspectives are summarized.It is pointed out that the basic mode IRF rarely appears alone,but act as 'construction components' in other variant modes,the parallel mode,the progressive mode and the comprehensive mode.Secondly,we quantify the comparative turn-taking methods and modes among CSL beginner class,intermediate class and advanced intermediate class.It is found that the higher the Chinese level of students,the more intellectual vebal methods are taken in turn-taking.But responses to teacher feedback are reduced.The lower the Chinese level of students,the more nonverbal methods are taken in turn-taking,in order to make up for the lack of language proficiency.Turn-taking modes initiated by teacher are more balanced and the variant 1,parallel mode,is a bit more.The main turn-taking mode initiated by student is variant 2,progressive mode.In addition,there is a certain correlation between turn-taking method and turn-taking mode.Feedback helps beginners obtain the turn to speak actively;repetition is effective for intermediates gain the turn and code-switching and courtesies are effective for advanced intermediates.Finally,based on the conclusions above,we offer some teaching suggestions for the improvement of students' turn-taking abilities in Speaking class.For example,using nonverbal methods at the right time and teaching verbal methods.According to the levels of different students,the difficulty of teaching content and the form of classroom activities,teachers should take proper turn-taking methods and choose correct turn-taking mode,for the purpose of increasing the output of students' speech.