A Comparative Study Of Blame Adverbs "Zong (Yes)", "Lao (Yes)", "Jiu" And "Cai"

the Blame adverbs“总(是)”,“老(是)”,“就”,“才”all carry the speaker’s certain negative emotions of the object.The blame of these adverbs is contextually related,The result of the interaction of iconicity principle,economic principle and focus principle at different levels.This paper combines the corpus of "National Language Committee Corpus" and "CCL Corpus" to analyze the similarities and differences between the four adverbs in terms of syntax,semantics and pragmatics.First,The author combines the corpus to analyze the theoretical basis of the blame for these four adverbs.Based on the basics,and with the example sentences,we examine the syntactic functions of the four adverbs,and what conditions they need to satisfy in order to match the predicate/predicate phrase and the body/body phrase to generate blame.The author finds that if the four are to be blamed,when they are combined with VP,the verbs cannot overlap and cannot be used with procedural marks such as"正、正在";when they are matched with AP,the adjective phrase must have a negative meaning;When "总(是)" and "老(是)" are used with the NP,it must have a large number of frequencies and high frequencies.When "就" and "才"are used together with the NP,only "the number is lower than the expected standard of the speaker." Or it may be later than the speaker’s expected standard of time to be responsible.secondly,the author analyzes the basic meanings,semantic features and semantic orientations of the four,and finds"总(是)" and "老(是)" indicate time and frequency."就" and "才" indicate time,quantity and emphasis.If the event does not meet the speaker’s cognitive emotions,attitudes and presupposition criteria,the basic semantics of the four adverbs can convey the tone of blame.Finally,the author Comparing the pragmatic features of the four,and analyzing their emotional color,subjectivity and looming situation.In general,the adverbs "总(是)","就","才" are inconspicuous in emotional color."老(是)" tends to be derogatory.The subjective evaluation function of "老(是)" is stronger than "总(是)",whether“就”and"才"are subjective depends on the speaker’s psychological expectation or personal cognition.The looming situation of the four is related to the components associated with it.