Research On The Sources Of Historical Materials Of Modern And Ancient Texts "Shangshu", "Book Preface" And "Yin Benji" Seen By Sima Qian

Historical Records has become an important document for scholars of all dynasties since it was written,and gradually formed a special discipline of "Historical Records".Among them,the source of historical materials in Historical Records has become the most important issue in the study.Because exploring the reliability of the sources of historical materials in Historical Records proves the scientificity of Historical Records,and at the same time,it also becomes the basis of studying many other issues.Among the many chapters of Historical Records,Five Emperors Benji,Xia Benji and Yin Benji have become the focus of academic research because they are far away from Sima Qian's era.Especially,many scholars doubt that Sima Qian has ever seen the titles of Shangshu cited in Yin Benji.When did the Shuxu come into being?Is it the introduction of Shuxu by Sima Qian or the intrusion of later generations into Yin Benji according to Shuxu?These are all issues that need to be discussed and solved in the article.The article mainly consists of the following parts:The first part is the introduction,which describes in detail the significance of topic selection,research status,research objectives and related research methods.The second part is the main part of the article,which is divided into four chapters.It mainly includes the proportion of Shangshu and Shuxu in Shiji Yinbenji and the analysis of the early,middle and late Shang Dynasty related historical events.The third part is the conclusion,mainly the summary and conclusion of the full text.The second part,as the main content of the article,is mainly divided into four chapters:Chapter one lists and counts the proportion of Shangshu and Shuxu in Yin Benji.According to statistics,there are as many as 28 chapters of Shangshu mentioned in Yin Benji,totaling 1325 words,accounting for 46.24%of 2865 words in Yin Benji.Nearly half of the content in Yin Benji comes from Shangshu,which Sima Qian saw.Through further comparative study,we can find that Sima Qian's handling of historical data of Shangshu and Shuxu is mainly divided into four categories.First,only the title and the content of Shuxu.According to statistics,there are 14 articles(Digao,Nvjiu,Nvfang,Dianbao,Xia She,Zhonghuizhigao,Mingju,Yixun,Siming,Cuhou,Woding,Xian'ai,Taiwu and Yuan Ming).Secondly,the title of the article and the content of Shuxu are quoted,and the content of the text.According to statistics,there are 6 articles in line with this situation(respectively Tangzheng,Tangshi,Tang Gao,Taijiaxun,Pangeng and Gao Zongrongri).Thirdly,the preface or the original content are quoted directly without the title of the article.According to statistics,there are two articles(Yao Dian and Xibo Kanli),and the fourth one is that the title of the article is not mentioned in Yin Benji,and the original text is not cited.It is only translated and summarized according to the relevant historical events recorded in Shangshu.According to statistics,there are 6 articles in accordance with this type(Yue Ming,Weizi,Mushi,Da Goo,Weizi Ming,Yi Zhou Shu Ke Yin Jie).It can be seen that Shangshu and Shuxu,the ancient and contemporary writings Sima Qian saw,constitute the main content of Yinbenji.which is of great significance.Chapter ?Chapter ? and Chapter IV,mainly based on the chronological context of the historical events in Yin Benji,respectively,make a specific analysis and Discussion on the relevant historical events in the early,middle and late Shang Dynasty and the relevant chapters of Shang Shu.The authenticity of the historical events described in Yin Benji and the reliability of the sources of historical materials seen by Sima Qian are proved by using the historical materials of Tsinghua Bamboo Slips and hundreds of schools of thought in the Pre-Qin Dynasty.Through text comparison and analysis of relevant historical events,it can be seen that Sima Qian not only directly quoted Preface to the Book and the original texts,but also briefly translated and indirectly quoted relevant historical events.The relevant historical fragments in Yin Benji came from the ancient Chinese texts Shangshu,which Sima Qian saw at that time.When Sima Qian wrote Yin Benji,he not only referred to Shangshu,but also referred to all schools of thought and the prevailing theory of modern classics.It can be said that "Six Confucian Classics are inherited differently,and hundreds of miscellaneous words are tidied up",which is also the reason why Shiji has been passed down continuously in successive generations.Therefore,the content of Shangshu and its Preface that we can see everywhere in Yinbenji today is by no means the content of Shangshu and its Preface that the ancient historians argue is that the descendants fled into Yinbenji,but the content of Shangshu which Sima Qian saw when he wrote Yinbenji.The contents and contents of Shangshu have disappeared in the current edition of Shangshu,but they are still retained in Yin Benji.These contents are very precious and worthy of attention.