The Influence Mechanism Of Interpersonal Context On Joint Task Representation

The ability to coordinating individuals to co-act with others is critical to the success of our individuals and tasks.Successful interpersonal interaction requires a common understanding of relevant information in a specific context.Interaction with others in daily life is often affected by various social factors such as emotions and interpersonal relationships.Previous studies have found that different types of interpersonal situations have more or less impact on joint actions,but predecessors are different in interpersonal relationships.The expressions in the context have not yet formed a unified setting,and there is still controversy about the mechanism of the interpersonal situation affecting the common representation of the subjects.This study investigated interaction under different relationship and the associated brain activation using functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS).We adopted the joint Simon task,the commonly paradigm that used to investigate the ability of integrating self and others.In two experiments,each pair of participants completed the joint Simon task under different interpersonal situations which were manipulated by rewards of task performance.Experiment 1 was set to describe the behavioral performance and brain region activation under the independent situation,in which the reward is only about the task performance of participant themselves.Experiment 2 was completely same as the experiment 1,besides the change of rewards,contributing to the fastest person of two participants(competition),or the fastest team of all pair of participant(cooperation).In the analysis of each condition,we measured significant joint Simon effect in all relationship situations and another interesting finding is that the joint Simon effect was decreased in the competition situation,compared with the cooperation relationship,proving that a positive relationship can enhance the integration of self and others.The NIRS result is below.Experiment 1 under independent group revealed that the left inferior frontal gyrus was more active on go trail in which the participant needs to respond.Furthermore,in experiment 2,brain activation was found in the left inferior superior temporal sulcus,right sensorimotor cortex and bilateral inferior parietal lobule in the cooperation condition,and only the left inferior parietal lobule in the competitive condition.We also analysis contrasts between go and no go trials.The left inferior parietal lobule had stronger activation only for competition task,not found in the independent and cooperative condition.The interaction between reactivity and consistency was significantly in the cooperative situation,which was mainly reflected in the following aspects.Firstly,compare with go trails,the activation of bilateral sensorimotor cortex and bilateral inferior parietal lobule was stronger than that of no go trails under the consistence condition.Secondly,compare with no go trails,the bilateral inferior parietal lobules were more activated in the consistent than in the inconsistent condition.The results revealed that the bilateral sensorimotor cortex and bilateral inferior parietal lobule regions played a role in the action of the subjects themselves compared with the action of the co-actor under cooperative conditions.And the stronger activation found in the bilateral inferior parietal lobule under the go trail of consistent condition,indicating the inferior parietal lobule,as a brain region for attention control and cognitive control,played a role in performing automatic actions.The joint analysis took relationship conditions as a variable,also found a significant joint Simon effect in three type of relationship,the joint Simon effect of competition was significantly higher than that in the rest of other groups,and that was no significant difference between the cooperative and independent groups.For the go trail of all three types,there were stronger activation in the left posterior superior temporal sulcus,left inferior frontal gyrus,bilateral sensorimotor cortex and bilateral inferior parietal lobule.And the intensity of activation on the right sensorimotor cortex and the right inferior parietal lobule were higher on inconsistence condition,indicating that the right sensorimotor cortex and the right inferior parietal lobule are involved in confliction.The simple main effect of interpersonal relationship was significantly in the left posterior superior temporal sulcus,and simple effect test shows both independent and competitive group were significantly greater than the cooperative,and there was no difference between independent and competitive group,indicating both independent and competitive conditions need more resources of attention.For the interaction of relationship and consistence on the left inferior parietal lobule,we further made simple effect test and only found higher activation on go trail of inconsistence condition,show that participants of competition group spent more attention to inconsistent trails,further showing that the left inferior parietal lobule plays a role in response of conflict.The results of inter-brain correlation analysis showed that there were significant inter-brain correlation between the competition group and the independent group in the left posterior superior temporal sulcus.Under the cooperative condition,only the right posterior superior temporal sulcus was present between the pair.Significant positive correlation,under the competitive conditions,there were significant positive correlation between the bilateral posterior superior temporal sulcus,the left inferior parietal lobule and the left inferior frontal gyrus.Because of the competitive situation,more psychological resources are needed to distinguish between self and others.The behavior of the brain has thus become more synchronic in the brain.These results showed that in an independent situation,when you complete a joint task with others,it automatically activates the integration of self-others.The shared task representation can be formed in a social environment that does not require interpersonal coordination.In the context of cooperation and competition,the ability to integrate others It will also be achieved,but the competitive situation will weaken this representation,and the cooperative situation has a tendency to enhance the ability to co-represent.When performing joint tasks with others,the psychological theory network and the mirror neuron network have different degrees of activation under different conditions.In the competitive situation,people will pay more attention to their own tasks to obtain more rewards,and the reduction of the joint Simon effect.It is because the participants are more concerned about the inconsistent trials,indicating that the competition mainly affects the inconsistent trials;in the cooperative situation,the participants need to invest more energy to complete the tasks,and in the cooperative situation,they have stronger ability to integrate and represent themselves.