The Perception And Semantic Attributes Of The Object Make Different Contributions To The Loadability Of The Action Of The Object

The activation of object affordance refers to when we observe the object in the environment we are not only perceive the object's shape,color and material,and also active the potential actions that objects 'afford'.For example,when we see a cup,the grip it carries is activated.The activation of object affordance was originally considered as an automatic process which does not require the participation of high-level cognitive process,and can be completed only by perception.However,subsequent studies have shown that the activation of the object's affordance is also affected by the top-down high-level cognitive activities,and the semantic information of the object can also activate the object's affordance.This also leads to further discussion on the mechanism of object affordance.For example,when we observe an object,is the activation of the object's affordance triggered by the on-line processing of its direct visual input,or by the recognition of the object,based on the experience of grasping the object in the past?In this process,the respective roles of perception and semantics and their interrelations have not been clarified.This research includes four experiments,adopted the size effect research paradigm of object affordance,with the object of use in everyday life as experimental material,by manipulating the perception size of the real object,cause the inconsistency of perception and semantics,to explore the effects of perception and semantics on the object affordance and their mutual relations.In experiment 1,we adopted the classical experimental paradigm of object affordance and verified the object affordance effect under the current experimental conditions.In the experiment,the subjects need to judge the objects presented by special reaction devices which can produce power grip and fine grip.The results showed that the subjects responded faster when the size of the object was consistent with the way the subjects grasped.When the large object was presented,the subjects responded faster when the object was grasped with power than when the small object was presented.In Experiment 2,a 2(perceptual size:large,small)x 2(semantic size:large,small)x 2(grasping postures:power grip,precision grasp)within-subjects factorial design was used to explore the effects of perception and semantics on the activation of object affordance.The results showed that under the condition of perceptual and semantic inconsistency,the participants' responses was faster when the grasping postures was consistent with perception than when the grasping postures was consistent with semantics.Experiment 3 adopted the same experimental design as experiment 2,through the change of task,participants paid attention to the perceptual attribute or semantic information of the object,the results showed that when participants paid attention to the perceptual attributes of the object,they responded faster when grasping postures was consistent with the perception.When participants paid attention to the semantic information of the object,they responded faster when grasping postures is consistent with the semantic information.In experiment 4,the effect of perception and semantics on the activation of object affordance was investigated using RSVP paradigm.The results showed that,unconsciously,the subjects reacted more quickly when their reactions were consistent with their perceptions.Based on the four experimental results and discussion,the following conclusions are drawn in this study:Both perception and semantics play a role in the activation of object affordance.However,in this process,the activation of perception is relatively more automatic and dominant.When more attention is paid to the semantic information of the object,the advantage of the semantic of the object in the activation of the object affordance is reflected.