A Study On The Difference Of Children's And Youth's Attentional Bias Towards Chinese And Western Cultural Information

Lots of research showed that the cognitive model of individuals was influenced by culture.According to the cultural schema theory,Chinese people were more likely to process the stimulus consistent with Chinese culture,that was,to show attentional bias to Chinese cultural information.In the modern society with the gradual progress of globalization,the cultural exchanges and penetration between China and Western countries were strengthening.Then,in the face of both Chinese and Western cultural information,which culture did Chinese prefer to process first? How were the differences between children and youth? In view of the above problems,this research investigated the characteristics of Chinese children and youth's attentional bias to Chinese and Western cultural information.In Experiment 1,32 college students were selected as subjects and pictures of Chinese and Western cultures were used as experimental materials.The experimental design was a two-factor in-subject experimental design,which consisted of 2(cultural type: Chinese culture,Western culture)× 2(detection position: consistent and inconsistent).The dependent variable was reaction time and accuracy.The results showed that:(1)Youth's reaction time under the condition of consistent picture of Chinese culture was significantly less than that under the condition of inconsistent picture;(2)The accuracy of youth to pictures of Chinese culture was significantly lower than that of Western culture.Experiment 2 was based on experiment 1.32 primary school students and 32 college students were selected as subjects.Subjects' eye movements were recorded by Eyelink 2000 eye tracker.The experimental design was a two-factor hybrid design,which consisted of 2(age: children,youth)× 2(cultural type: Chinese culture,Western culture).The dependent variable was five eye movement indexes,including IA first fixation time,IA first run dwell time,IA dwell time,IA fixation count and IA fixation rate.The results showed that:(1)The first fixation time of children and youth to Chinese cultural pictures was significantly shorter than that of Western cultural pictures;(2)Children's first run dwell time,dwell time,fixation count and fixation rate to Chinese cultural pictures were significantly shorter than that of Western cultural pictures.Based on the results of the two experiments,the following conclusions were drawn:(1)The attention bias effect of youth on Chinese cultural information was significantly greater than that of Western cultural information;(2)Children and youth both showed facilitated attention to Chinese cultural information and it had stability across ages;(3)Children showed difficulty in attention disengagement to Western cultural information,which may be caused by children's higher difficulty in processing Western cultural information.