China's Top Leader Exceptionally Received Research

The principle of reciprocity and non-discrimination has always been an important principle in foreign affairs.However,in the history of modern diplomacy,it is common for government officials to break protocol to honor the visitors from another country,or to give them courtesy higher than the administrative level of the visitors.This kind of behavior is a measure for one country to release important signals,which often comes with a very important or complex historical background.Therefore,it is particularly important to interpret and analyze the meaning of the unusual reception behavior.It can be said that special reception is a complement to the principle of reciprocity and non-discrimination in diplomatic and foreign affairs activities.Since the founding of PRC,there have been many cases in which Chinese leaders have gaven foreign guests special reception,such as Chairman Mao's meeting with Governor of Sambayo of Brazil in 1959,Deng Xiaoping's meeting with Governor of Washington of the United States in 1979,and Xi Jinping's meeting with Governor of California in 2017.This paper makes a statistical analysis of the special reception of foreign guests by the top leaders of the state since the founding of the People's Republic of China.It is found that leaders in each period have different characteristics in their special reception of foreign guests,which is highly related to China's diplomatic goals and personality characteristics of the leader in this period.As for the emergence of special reception,this paper argues that it comes from three factors.First,the asymmetry of mutual dependence between the two sides,second,the foundation achievement or potential effort of foreign guests,and third,the personal attention of the leaders.Finally,this paper takes Mao Zedong's twice special reception of American journalist Snow in 1970 as an example,and concludes that the reason why special reception can not play its role is because the lack of openness of information.