Estimation And Analysis Of Urban Household Residential Real Estate Tax In China

In recent years,the topic of real estate tax reform has been hotly debated.In 2011,Shanghai and Chongqing began to levy real estate tax on a trial basis,which is the first step of levying real estate tax on personal non-business houses in China.Since then,the voice of accelerating the real estate tax reform and expanding the real estate tax pilot city has become increasingly louder,which has trnggered a heated debate in the academic circle.In April 2018,the real estate tax law was included in the preparatory deliberation items of the standing committee of the National People's Congress.In March 2019,premier Li Keqiang said in the government work report that the local tax system should be improved and the real estate tax legislation should be steadily advanced.The reform of real estate tax is an inevitable trend,but there is no agreement on how to reform and no specific tax plan until now.The author believes that the real estate tax reform should expand the scope of taxation from“incremental housing“to" existing housing“,and"Towns first,rural areas later".Since the reform of replacing business tax with value-added tax,the idea of real estate tax as the main tax of local tax has attracted more attention.Then,after the reform of the real estate tax,how much tax revenue can we get and what's the impact on local finance?Based on this,this paper studies the design of real estate tax system and the impact on local finance.This paper combines qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis to study the design of real estate tax system and its impact on local finance.The first chapter of this paper mainly introduces the background,significance and purpose of this topic,research methods and ideas,innovation and shortcomings.The second chapter reviews the research literature on real estate tax at home and abroad.The third chapter is the analysis of China's resident real estate tax system and the design of the tax scheme.According to the analysis of tax scope,tax base and tax basis,tax rate and other tax elements,four different tax schemes are designed.It carries out the simulation calculation of the real estate tax income under the four kinds of tax schemes based on the micro data provided by Survey and Research Center for China Household Finance.The fifth Chapter analyzes the selection of tax collection schemes,and compares each tax collection scheme in terms of tax payment capacity,tax scope and tax revenue.The sixth chapter,on the basis of the previous analysis,chooses the most suitable tax scheme and summarizes the full text.In this paper,there are four tax collection schemes,and the differences between them are mainly reflected in the tax-free area.The first scheme:no tax-free area,which is named universal levy.The second scheme:tax exemption for the first home of the family.The third scheme:the total tax-free area of the family based on the per capita tax-free housing area.The fourth scheme:followed by the third scheme but limits the maximum tax-free household area to the size of the family's first home.The study believes that it is most appropriate to adopt the third tax plan in the early stage of the reform.Although this scheme reduces the tax basis and the tax revenue,it avoids the dissatisfaction of residents in the early stage of the reform.And the tax method based on the family's tax paying ability is more conducive to tax fairness.The calculation data shows that the tax rate is about 0.8%,and the per capita tax-free area is more suitable within the range of 40m2-45m2.There are two innovations in this paper.First,the design of the tax plan is gradually developed from no tax-free area to different types of tax-free area for families,and different levels of tax rates are set for each plan.This detailed hierarchical design is more conducive to the comprehensive analysis of the real estate tax collection scheme.What's more,this paper gives special consideration to the tax burden constraint of the taxable family in the selection of the scheme,which makes the design of the real estate tax system more fair and enhances the feasibility of the research conclusion.Secondly,for the missing sample data in the database,this paper calculates with the existing data in the database and relevant data published by the National Bureau of Statistics(NBS)to ensure the integrity of the sample and the accuracy of measurement.