Research On The Urban Development Of Midwestern United States In The Late Nineteenth Century

The middle and late 19 th century was a period of rapid industrialization and dramatic changes in American society.During this period,American cities rose rapidly,with the expansion of urban space scale,the increase of urban number and the improvement of urban functions.In the process of urbanization in the United States,especially the development of cities in the Midwest was more remarkable,and it soon became the new industrial center of the United States,which can be regarded as the typical urbanization in the United States.As early as the early 19 th century,cities appeared in the Midwest,but they were only commercial centers or transit points for immigrants moving west.With the first industrial revolution took place in the northeast,new industrial sectors arose and led to the development of a number of industrial cities.The proximity to the northeast and the abundance of natural resources in the central and western regions have laid a solid foundation for the development of industry,which in turn has contributed to the further prosperity of the cities in the central and western regions.During the second industrial revolution,human beings entered the "electrification era".The huge boom of scientific and technological inventions promoted the in-depth development of industrialization and caused a series of chain reactions of related industries,which made the number of cities in the central and western regions soar and develop faster.And traffic carrying trade was especially railroad construction was more outstanding.The railway mileage in the central and western regions had increased significantly.Even under the influence of science and technology,electric railways,automobiles and airplanes had emerged,and the modes of transportation had become more diversified.At the same time,industrialization also promoted the transformation of agriculture,and liberated a large number of rural population,relatively surplus agricultural population continued to move to the city,becoming the main force of urban economic development.In the middle and late 19 th century,the rise and development of Midwestern cities in the United States formed characteristics different from those in other parts of the United States,the relationship between urbanization and industrialization is more in line with the inexorable law of the historical development of this period,andpromotes the emergence of different types of large,medium and small cities in the central and Western regions.Tracing back to the origin,the development of cities in the Midwest can not be separated from the factors of industry,transportation,population and capital,which are the fundamental driving force for the city to move forward.