Research On The Equalization Effect Of China's Intergovernmental Transfer Payment

China introduced a fiscal transfer payment system when the tax-sharing reform was introduced in 1994.With the deepening of fiscal and tax reforms,the fiscal transfer payment system is also in urgent need of adjustment and improvement.Especially after the implementation of the new "Budget Law" in 2015,the documents on the fiscal transfer payment system were issued one after another.The report of the 19 th National Congress put forward the requirements for establishing the financial relationship of the central region,regulating the financial transfer payment system of China,and promoting the government's financial authority and The division of expenditure responsibilities,the realization of equalization of financial resources in various regions,and the improvement of economic efficiency have pointed out the direction.The effects and problems of China's transfer payment system in promoting the equalization of financial resources between regions,and how to improve it become a problem we need to think about.This paper takes China's transfer payment to promote the equalization of financial resources among regions,and through theoretical analysis and comparative analysis,it studies the effects,problems and solutions in the process of equalization of inter-regional financial resources in China's transfer payment system.Three major problems: First,China's current fiscal transfer payment system has equal effect on local financial resources.Second,what problems exist in China's transfer payment system in promoting equalization of inter-regional financial resources.Third,China's transfer payments promote equal regional financial resources.How to improve the problem of chemistry.Based on the experience of foreign practice,the author puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for the transfer of payments to promote the equalization of local financial resources,with a view to providing reference.The full text is divided into five chapters:Chapter One Introduction.It mainly introduces the research background and significance of the topic selection,and summarizes and evaluates the equalization effect of financial transfer payment at home and abroad by reading relevant research literatures,and introduces the research ideas and research methods,possible innovations and what defects need to be addressed.Improve.This paper expounds the research background of transfer payment to promote the equalization of local financial resources from the reality of China's central and local fiscal relations,relevant policies issued by the state,and existing problems,and expounds the practical significance of the fiscal transfer payment system to promote the equalization of local financial resources..Subsequently,the domestic and foreign literature on the fiscal transfer payment system to promote the equalization of financial resources is summarized and reviewed.The second chapter introduces the significance and theoretical basis of the transfer payment system to promote the equalization of local financial resources.This paper first introduces the intergovernmental transfer payments and the equalization of financial resources.Then through the introduction of the basic ideas of public goods theory,externality theory and fiscal decentralization theory,combined with the theory to analyze the role of the intergovernmental transfer payment system,that is,can improve the efficiency of public goods allocation,internalize the spillover of local public goods,and solve The horizontal and vertical imbalances in finance that arise under fiscal federalism.And the basic goal of equalization transfer payment is to achieve equalization of financial resources,and the ultimate goal is to equalize basic public services.The third chapter analyzes the status quo and problems of China's transfer payment system to promote the equalization of local financial resources.This chapter reviews the development process of China's transfer payment system and the status of each component.Then,by using the population weighted coefficient of variation and the Gini coefficient to measure the imbalance of local government financial resources,it is concluded that general transfer payments have a certain equal effect,and tax return and special transfer payments have anti-equalization effects.It also puts forward that the problems existing in China's current transfer payment system are not strong,the development of legalization is slow,the management mechanism is not scientific enough,the transfer payment structure is irrational and the use of factor method has specific problems.The fourth chapter introduces the equalization transfer payment system in Germany,Japan and Canada.This chapter summarizes the experience and enlightenment of promoting the equalization of local financial resources through the transfer payment system by introducing the equalization transfer payment projects in the three countries and the characteristics and problems in the implementation process.Including the clear division of powers and expenditures,the formulation of transfer payment methods,the high degree of legalization,and the role of tax sharing in fiscal balance,these experiences are instructive for China's promotion of equalization of transfer payments.The fifth chapter is to improve the transfer payment in China to promote the equalization of local financial resources.Based on the actual situation in China,this paper summarizes that China should start to optimize the balance of local financial resources through transfer payment from four aspects: target setting,overall design,management mechanism and specific operation.