Study On The Impact Of Accessibility Of Different Types Of Fresh Food Stores On Food Security In Households

With the improvement of income and living standard,people are not only satisfied with the food consumption,but also need to eat nutritionally and healthily.The food security level of a family is not only influenced by its own eating habits,but also by the surrounding food environment.The accessibility of food retail places is an important factor affecting residents'food consumption and nutritional health status.In areas lacking fresh and healthy food supply places,obesity,diabetes,malnutrition and other diseases are also prone to erupt.At present,the relevant researches on food retail environment and food security level at the micro scale are mainly concentrated in developed countries such as Europe and America,while there are few researches in this field in China.Taking Nanjing as an example,this paper discusses the impact of the accessibility of different types of food supply sites on the level of family food security,provides a basis for the layout planning of commercial outlets in Nanjing and the accurate implementation of food security policies,and provides a reference for other cities in China to carry out similar studies.This study first measured the accessibility of three major fresh food stores in Nanjing,namely wetmarket,supermarket and fresh food store,from the three aspects of per capita enjoyment,minimum time cost and cumulative opportunity number.Secondly,based on the detailed data obtained from the 2015 Nanjing household food security survey,an evaluation index system involving quantitative guarantee,nutrition guarantee and safety guarantee was constructed to comprehensively evaluate the level of Nanjing household food security and analyze its spatial distribution.Finally,through the establishment of a model with regulatory effect,the impact of different types of fresh food stores in Nanjing on the level of household food security was explored.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Nanjing fresh food store accessibility measure results show that:first,the accessibility of different kinds of fresh food is put in bigger difference,enjoy the quantity per order from high to low is fresh shop>wetmarket>supermarket,the average minimum time costs from small to large,in turn,as the wetmarket>fresh store>supermarket,the opportunity to accumulate quantity order from large to small is fresh shop>wetmarket>supermarket;Secondly,the number of fresh food stores in gulou district is nearly 10 times higher than that in gaochun district.Third,the central city district family arrived at the nearest of all kinds of fresh food shops,shorter than the outlying areas jianye district 6 minutes walk from the nearest fresh food shops,while jiangning area need to nearly one hour.(2)The evaluation results of family food security degree in Nanjing show that:first,the food security level and the dietary diversity level in Nanjing are relatively high,with the average scores of HFIAS,HDDS and HDDS being 0.59 and 7.83 respectively,and the food supply is sufficient in December.Second,Nanjing family food security level is higher,nutrition security level and the security level needs to be improved:the number of security level is higher,the average score of 97.18,average nutrition security level,the average score of 66.11,security level below average,average score of 43.06,comprehensive security level on average,scored an average of 84.25;Third,Nanjing family the differences in the spatial distribution of the food security level,the number of security levels are relatively low family focused on LiShui area in the southwest of relatively low degree of nutrition security family is focused on the 9th in the southwest of the degree of security and comprehensive security present gaochun area is significantly higher than other areas,the city center is relatively high,the edge region of relatively low spatial distribution trend.(3)Different types of fresh food store accessibility impact on household food security level differences:first,the accessibility of fresh store to family to food security,security and comprehensive security level play a role,supermarket accessibility to family food nutrition security,security,and accessibility of the wetmarket is not the main factors influencing the family all the food security level;Secondly,fresh shops play an important role in compensating for the lack of vegetable farms and supermarkets.In the case of the same accessibility level of vegetable farms and supermarkets,the better the accessibility of fresh shops is,the higher the family food security level will be.Thirdly,in addition to the accessibility of fresh food stores,family type,monthly family income,monthly food expenditure and family life poverty index and other family characteristics will also affect the level of family food security to varying degrees.