| Under the background of increasingly aging problem and ?not getting rich first?,after the successive efforts of governments and social workers,China has initially formed a ?three pillars? old-age security system.However,China's social security system has a unique development for a long time.The social security income of Chinese residents after retirement is mainly derived from the basic pension of the ?first pillar?,and the ?second pillar? enterprise/occupational annuity and the ?third pillar? of individual supplementary pensions has serious shortcomings.As China's aging phenomenon continues to increase,the pressure on the first pillar is becoming more and more heavy,and the first pillar is covered by government finances.Providing only the most basic old-age security,the pension replacement rate after retirement has not changed much.The second pillar of the enterprise/occupational annuity also has major problems,such as limited coverage and uneven development.The first and second pillars are currently unable to effectively alleviate the old-age pressure brought by the increasingly severe aging.In addition,due to the lack of corresponding preferential policies for commercial endowment insurance,the enthusiasm for commercial endowment insurance is not high,and the development of commercial endowment insurance is relatively slow.Therefore,accelerating the development of the third pillar has become an important issue that the country urgently needs to solve.At present,the pilot program of tax deferred pension insurance is in full swing in Shanghai and other places in China.The tax incentive model adopted in the pilot areas has also changed the way of taxation in China.This study first analyzes the development status of China's current three-pillar endowment security system and the pilot situation of tax pension insurance,and finds out the problems faced by China in implementing the tax deferred pension insurance policy.Secondly,by studying the tax incentives of some successful developed countries abroad,the lessons and successful experiences are summarized and used for reference,which paves the way for the improvement of China's tax deferred pension insurance policy,and compares the tax preferential policies of various countries.By comparing and analyzing several tax incentive models,we find out the tax incentive model-EET model suitable for China's national conditions.On this basis,by establishing a logarithmic utility maximization model and numerical simulation based on reasonable assumptions,quantitative the influence of tax deferral policy on the level of utility of the Chinese residents,the welfare level of the government,and the welfare effect level of the insurance industry is obtained.Finally,combined with the current development status of China,the policy recommendations for improving the tax deferred endowment insurance in China are proposed.Based on the above research ideas,the specific contents of each chapter of this paper are summarized as follows:The first chapter is the introduction.First of all,the research background and research significance are introduced.At present,China is actively carrying out tax deferral pilot work.However,from the current tax deferral pilot situation,the actual transaction situation is far lower than expected,so the current tax deferred pilot area exists.The problem and the corresponding solution will be of guiding significance for the smooth development of the taxation pilot.In addition,clarifying the welfare level of the insured,the government and the insurance industry can provide theoretical support for the tax deferral policy,from a quantitative perspective.China's ongoing pilot work on tax pension insurance provides effective guidance.Then,it introduces the research status at home and abroad,and briefly reviews the literature.Finally,it discusses the research methods and main contents of the research,and points out the innovations and deficiencies of this research.The second chapter is the theoretical basis of tax deferred pension insurance.This chapter first defines the concepts related to tax deferral,utility and welfare,and then introduces the measurability and comparability of welfare and utility proposed in welfare economics.On this basis,the price effect is decomposed by graphs.To study the impact of a tax deferral policy on the effects of commercial pension insurance.Finally,the life cycle theory proposed by Modigliani is introduced,and the corresponding theory is combined with the personal utility calculation of this study.Through the above theoretical introduction,the corresponding theoretical support for the later chapters of this paper is provided,which plays a guiding role for the subsequent welfare calculation.The third chapter is the analysis of the development status and existing problems of China's tax deferred pension insurance.This chapter first introduces the background of the pilot,then introduces the pilot situation of Tianjin pension insurance,and analyzes the reasons why the pilot is finally stopped,summarizes the lessons learned,and is inspired accordingly.Next,it introduces the basic situation of pilot projects in Shanghai,Fujian Province(including Xiamen City)and Suzhou Industrial Park,and analyzes the reasons why the actual policy effect of the pilot is far lower than expected,and summarizes its existing problems.The latter chapter of the system has been paved the way.The fourth chapter is the experience summary and comparative analysis of the successful practice of individual tax deferred pension insurance in representative countries.This chapter selects the countries with great success in the US,Germany,and Japan's tax incentives,and introduces the IRA of the US individual retirement account,the German Liszt and Japan's personal annuity insurance tax incentives,and summarizes its successful experience.Finally,the paper compares the tax incentive models between China and foreign countries,and draws on the tax combinations commonly used abroad,combined with specific examples to explore the optimal tax portfolio.For the next chapter,due to the transformation of the tax incentive model,the corresponding welfare analysis has laid the foundation for the link.The fifth chapter is the analysis of the welfare effect of China's tax deferred pension insurance.This study establishes the logarithmic utility maximization model and numerical simulation based on reasonable assumptions,and quantitatively derives the impact of tax deferral policy on the utility level of the Chinese residents,the welfare level of the government,and the welfare level of the insurance industry.Among them,in the process of analyzing the utility level of residents,the pensions increased in the tax deferred accounts are reasonably split,and the added utility is traced back to the source,and the increase in utility is specifically caused by those factors,and The weight of these factors.In the process of analyzing the government welfare level,through the numerical simulation and sensitivity test of government welfare,it is concluded that the TEE model transformation EET model is not absolute for the government-generated welfare changes,and may be positive or negative.However,under the existing assumptions,in the long run,the implementation of tax deferral policies has a high probability of improving the welfare level of the government.In the process of analyzing the welfare level of the insurance industry,the changes in the welfare of the insurance industry caused by the tax deferral are analyzed from the micro and macro aspects.The analysis shows that the insurance industry will become the biggest beneficiary of this policy.Finally,the conclusions of this chapter are drawn.First,EET is the best tax incentive model.Second,the implementation of the tax deferred pension insurance policy is likely to achieve ?three wins?.The sixth chapter puts forward the policy recommendations for perfecting China's tax deferred pension insurance system.From the following aspects: First,under the current conditions of China's tenure system,the government should consider issues from a long-term perspective,formulate and implement a long-term development strategy of the social security system in the context of aging,and achieve legislation first;second,insurance The company should give full play to its natural advantages,continuously expand the supply of goods for tax deferred commercial endowment insurance,enhance product types,realize the comprehensive layout of various insurance products,and accelerate the improvement of China's social security system while continuously achieving its own prosperity.Third,learn from the experience of foreign developed countries,combine the basic national conditions of the country,establish a tax deferred pension insurance account with Chinese characteristics,and explore an effective combination with the enterprise annuity;fourth,the actual implementation effect of the current tax pilot is much lower than It is expected that the current situation of tax preferential policies will be cold,and it is recommended to increase the amount of tax incentives,change the mindset of the past,adopt differentiated subsidies,and formulate corresponding incentive programs.Fifth,strengthen investment management,follow the successful practices of social security funds,adopt market-oriented operation methods,conduct diversified investments,and increase investment returns.Sixth,establish a sound supervision system for tax deferred pension insurance,including: setting up an independent tax deferred pension insurance regulatory agency;establishing a national unified management system and exporting platform;establishing and improving market access And exit mechanisms,etc.The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in the following aspects:First,establish a logarithmic utility function model,and use numerical simulation to quantitatively derive the impact of tax deferral policy on the utility level of Chinese residents,the welfare level of the government,and the welfare effect level of the insurance industry.Second,the tax deferred account The increased pension is rationally split,and the added utility is traced back to the source,and the increase in utility is specifically caused by those factors,and the weight of these factors is derived.Third,the tax credit is extended.The incentive scheme of tax incentive direct subsidy and central subsidy + local subsidy is adopted.Fourthly,the proposal of implementing the tax deferred pension insurance policy as an indicator of local government performance appraisal is proposed.China's characteristic tax deferred pension insurance account,and explore the effective combination of enterprise annuity;... |
PDF Full Text Request