A Study On The Influence Of Capital Adequacy Ratio On The Bank Credit Scale Of Small And Medium-sized Enterprises

Small and medium-sized enterprises(SMES)are the most active components of a country's economic development and play an important role in the national economy.However,they have been faced with the problem of "difficult and expensive financing" since their birth.Especially after 2018,the trade friction intensified global economic uncertainty,causing an outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 the global economy by the global economic development at a standstill,the accumulation of risks in the social and economic development of our country has been exposed,which makes the small and medium-sized enterprises "financing difficulties,financing your" problem is more serious.The reasons are not difficult to find that the difficulty in obtaining bank credit is the main reason for its financing difficulties.In recent years,the Party Central Committee and the State Council have issued a series of preferential policies,including the capital adequacy regulatory policy to rescue small and medium-sized enterprises from the perspective of bank credit.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to study whether the capital adequacy ratio will influence the credit scale of SMES in Banks.This his paper mainly uses bank-level panel data,and the sample involves 50 commercial Banks from 2008 to 2018,including 5 state-owned commercial Banks,11joint-stock commercial Banks,24 urban commercial Banks and 10 rural commercial Banks.Panel regression model is built with the empirical capital ratios for Banks of small and medium-sized enterprise credit scale,and then on the basis of grouping test different asset scale,the property nature of the commercial bank capital adequacy ratio of Banks to the influence of the small and medium-sized enterprise credit scale if there is a difference,in this paper,based on the adjustment of capital adequacy ratio at the same time the policy of preferential loans risk weighting check their asset allocation effect,based on the commercial Banks internal incentive constraint mechanism,test the tolerance of capital adequacy ratio and non-performing loans to relax can play to guide the bank credit capital leaning to the synergistic effect of small and medium-sized enterprises.Based on the above hypothesis and empirical test,this paper draws the following conclusions :(1)the capital adequacy ratio has a significantly negative impact on the credit scale of SMES in Banks,that is,the higher the capital adequacy ratio is,the tighter the credit scale of SMES in Banks is.(2)The capital adequacy ratio of small capital Banks has a more significant impact on the credit scale of SMES,that is,small and medium-sized Banks have more advantages to provide credit support to SMES.(3)The capital adequacy ratio of Banks with non-state ownership has a more significant impact on the credit scale of SMES,that is,Banks with non-state ownership have more incentive to provide credit support to SMES.(4)The credit preferential risk weight policy plays an asset allocation effect on the credit of small and medium-sized enterprises in Banks by adjusting the capital adequacy ratio,making Banks allocate credit resources to small and medium-sized enterprises in the process of credit selection and increasing the credit scale of small and medium-sized enterprises.(5)The liquidity released by the synergistic effect of capital adequacy ratio and relaxed non-performing loan tolerance will positively promote the credit scale of SMES in Banks.Combined with the current operation and management status quo and research conclusions of commercial Banks in China,this paper provides policy Suggestions from the perspective of commercial Banks to solve the problem of "financing is difficult and financing is expensive" for small and medium-sized enterprises:(1)reasonably adjust the capital adequacy ratio of Banks and relax the restriction on bank credit capital.(2)Develop small and medium-sized Banks and Banks with non-state ownership,and increase policy support for SMES' credit.(3)Optimize the measurement method of bank risk assets and promote the tilt of credit resources to small and medium-sized enterprises.(4)The capital adequacy ratio and the tolerance of non-performing loans should be used together to play a synergistic effect.(5)Establish the reaction-risk classification standard of bank corporate credit capital to reduce credit discrimination.