Syntheses and applications of bisphosphonate-based biomaterials and nanomaterials

In this thesis, we designed and synthesized novel biomaterials and nanomaterials based on bisphosphonates which had good expanding applications besides therapeutic use as traditional bisphosphonates. It contains five chapters. In chapter 2, we reported the design and synthesis of a new monomer, N-acryl pamidronate and its crosslinked copolymer with N-isopropylacrylamide can form a hydrogel which served well as the substrate to direct the formation of hydroxyapatites. And in chapter 3, we designed and synthesized a novel pamidronate derivative, Nap-FF-Pamidronate, which showed a better bone anti-resorptive effect by accelerating the new cortical endosteal bone formation than pamidronate did in an osteoporosis model using mouse. Since it can self-assemble to form a supramolecular hydrogel, we think our self-assemble system might turn to be a new approach to design new bisphosphonate to treat bone resorption diseases. In chapter 4, we designed and used bisphosphonate modified nanoparticles to remove uranyl ion in water and blood with high specificity and efficiency, which promise a sensitive and rapid platform to the detection, recovery, and rapid decorporation of metal toxins from biological environment via tailoring the ligands. In chapter 5, we described the use of a pamidronate-containing supramolecular hydrogel for decorporation of uranium. The efficacy of the hydrogels was evaluated using a rat model in which rats were contaminated by injection of uranyl nitrate into their stomach. In chapter 6, the enzymatic conversion of porphyrin dityrosine phosphates promises a new, useful approach to enhance the photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect for treatment of cancers.