Numerical analysis of latent heat thermal energy storage for solar thermoelectric vaccine refrigeration

In this study numerical models and techniques are developed for the modeling and design of latent heat thermal energy storage systems (LHTES) and thermoelectric cooling systems (TES) for temperature-controlled solar thermal applications, in particular for vaccine refrigeration. LHTES and TES are modeled using both distributed (Finite Elements and Finite Volumes) and lumped parameter approaches. LHTES are modeled using an original matrix-based enthalpy formulation. TES are integrated into thermal network models. The modeling of LHTES and TES were used in the design of a portable standalone solar-powered thermoelectric vaccine refrigerator. This refrigerator has been designed by students of the U Mass Lowell Solar Energy Program as part of the PerUML Project to be used by medical personnel in remote villages in the Peruvian Andes. The refrigerator presents several design challenges, which are addressed through this numerical simulation study and by past prototype experimentation. Based on the results, the combination Solar-LHTES-TES is suitable for standalone. battery-free cooling applications.