Air quality in Trinidad and Tobago: Technology transfer through application of a Gaussian plume air dispersion model

The Industrial Source Complex Short Term 3 Model (ISCST 3), an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) approved and verified Gaussian Dispersion Model, was utilized to predict the concentration of primary pollutants at the newly constructed Farmland Misschem Ammonia plant in the island of Trinidad and Tobago (the world's largest ammonia producer). Field monitoring studies were subsequently done and a comparison made between both sets of the data (modeled versus monitored). It was found that, within limits of error, the field results validated the use of this previously verified model. The resources required for use, application and dissemination of this model were relatively easy to obtain and transfer. This has made for ease of transfer of technology and initial acceptance of the model by the institutions on the island, which can be described as a developing nation. Subsequent actions by governmental, regulatory, private and manufacturing entities in Trinidad and Tobago have ensured the continuation of the transference of air quality management technology. This has been manifested in the legal and regulatory framework for air quality being developed by Government; standards and emission limits being formulated by the Bureau of Standards; socioeconomic benefits accruing from recruitment of personnel in production and testing facilities and periodic reporting of air emissions becoming mandatory for manufacturing companies.