| Using a new smartphone-based travel survey and a traditional travel survey, the Toronto Tomorrow Survey (TTS), a probit active transportation mode choice model is built and integrated into the GTAModel V4.0, an agent-based regional travel demand model for the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA). The model incorporates a set of traffic analysis zone (TAZ)-based built environment measures that can reflect the environment pedestrians experience, including land-use mix, pedestrian infrastructure, street safety factors, the presence of barriers, average elevation difference, and the presence of recreational space. The results show that pedestrian infrastructure and street speed have the most impact on the choosing walk and bicycle modes, while the impact of degree of land use mix is moderate. The model calibrated using TTS showed an acceptable degree of improvement, especially in walk mode choices. The smartphone-based travel survey has potential but needs to be more robust for further improvements. |
