| Mountain-type scenic spot is an important material carrier of the tourism development in China.It is always the critical constricting factor which affects the sustainable tourism development,because of its unique landscape features and hydrological processes as well as the "quality" and "quantity" of water.With the rapid development of tourism,on the one hand,the amount of water resource that scenic spots demand has increased a lot.On the other hand,water pollution caused by the development and construction of scenic spots and tourist services has become more and more serious.Those put more pressure on the water environment in the scenic spots and imbalance between supply and demand of water resources is sharper.Thus,people pay more attention on how to use water resources more efficient and properly so as to realize the sustainable tourism development of the scenic spots.And it is a theoretical and practical problem which is urged to be addressed.This thesis takes one of Chinese famous mountain-type scenic spots-Huang National park as an example.Its water resource ecological footprint and the efficiency of water resource ecological footprint as well as the influencing factors are analyzed to guide the effective management of the water environment in the scenic spots on the basis of the factors,hoping to provide theoretical foundations for the sufficient use of water and sustainable tourism development.There are three parts in this thesis.The first part is the theoretical foundation of this thesis,which include chapters 1 and 2.The background and the significance of this research was discussed in this part.Besides,the research design and research methods were discussed.And it offered a review of the literature at home and abroad.Model construction and empirical research were done in the second part,which included chapter 3,4,and 5.In this part,the account of water resource ecological footprint in the scenic spots was divided,and the model of water resource ecological footprint and the evaluation index system of the efficiency of water resource ecological footprint were constructed.Meanwhile,the empirical research on the basic investigation data and related standard was carried out and the water resource ecological footprint and its efficiency of Huangshan National Park from 2006 to 2014 were calculated and analyzed.Last,the influencing factors were explored.The last part(chapter 6)provided a discussion of the findings,as well as limitations and lines for further studiesThe following conclusions can be drawn from this thesis:(1)The water resource ecological footprint in Huangshan National Park has three features:Firstly,the total of water resource is large,and it is increasing year by year.From 2006 to 2014,the average size of the water resource ecological footprint in Huangshan National Park is 6077.73hm2 that accounts for about 37.84%of Core Area of Huangshan National Park,and its annual growth rate is 6.15%.Secondly,monthly variations of the water resource ecological footprint increase,and coefficient of variation increases from 0,164 in 2006 to 0.313 in 2014.The annual growth rate is 8.40%.Thirdly,the water resource ecological footprint can fall into water for tourism activities,water for tourism management and water for tourism environment.The amount of the three secondary accounts has a significant difference.The proportion of tourism environment water use ecological footprint is biggest in the structure of water source ecological footprint and it shows an increasing tendency as a whole.Among that,the proportion of tourism environment is 80.83%,while the proportion of tourism activity water use footprint and tourism management water use footprint are 12.97%and 6.20%respectively.(2)Water resources ecological efficiency of Huangshan National Park shows three characteristics:Firstly,water resources ecological efficiency had an increase trend,from 2006 to 2014,from 1 hm2 costs 213,200 yuan in 2006 to 1 hm2 costs 320,300 yuan in 2014.Secondly,the water resource ecological footprint per capita showed a downward trend,with an average annual decline of 0.3%.Thirdly,from 2006 to 2014,the elasticity index of water resources ecological efficiency in Huangshan National Park decreased first and went up later twice,and then decreased again.The change of re-linking—delinking—re-linking—delinking—re-linking took place from 2006 to 2014..Except for 2006 to 2007,2009 to 2010 and 2013 to 2014,it was in the delinking state.(3)Tourism economy,tourism industry structure,technology level and infrastructure construction level are the important factors that affect water resources ecological efficiency.Tourism revenue is highly relevant to water resources ecological efficiency of tourism destination,and the correlation coefficient is up to 0.947.Among them,travel tickets income has an important influence on water resources ecological efficiency of tourism destination.Accommodation income gradually reduce the influence of water resources ecological efficiency,and the sensitive coefficient declined from 2006 to 2014.Tourism industry structure and eco-efficiency of water resources have a significant negative correlation,as the correlation coefficient is-0.868.It means that the smaller tourism hotel revenue in the proportion of total tourism revenue is,the higher the efficiency of water resource ecological footprint is.When the tourism income is ten thousand yuan,the energy sources and eco-efficiency of water resources in the tourism spot have significant negative correction,and the correlation coefficient is-0.970.It means that the energy resources consumption is lower,the efficiency is higher.In a word,the development of science and technology plays an important role in the improvement of the efficiency of water source ecology.Tourist infrastructure and the efficiency of water resource ecology have a significant positive correlation,and the correlation coefficient is 0.904.The improvement of the tourism infrastructure contributes to the improvement of the efficiency of water resource ecology in the scenic spot.Tourism installation of water saving devices,the construction of green hotel and the construction of water recycling system are helpful to reduce water consumption and improve water use efficiency.The account of the water resource ecological footprint and the model of testing the efficiency of water resource ecological footprint are built in the paper.According to the basic data of Huangshan National Park from 2006 to 2014,the author analyzed the features of the water resource ecological footprint.Although the water resource ecological footprint in tourism destination is measured completely,further researches can be done from the following aspects.(1)Under the conditions of production and technology level,the reserves and regeneration capacity of water resources determine a region's water resources supporting capacity.So in the future,researchers can study water resources ecological security from the perspective of water resources supporting capacity.(2)The author chose the average production capacity of water resources and the equivalence factor of water resources,and they are reference data.However,different areas own different the average production capacities of water resources.Therefore,the further study is expected to carry out a verification on the data standards of the area. |
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