An Approach On The Design And Representation Of Indoor Map Considering Landmark Salience

In recent years,large-scale public buildings have emerged in the city,and their internal structures have become increasingly complex.People tend to lose direction inside the building and it is difficult to conduct indoor wayfinding accurately and quickly.Indoor map is the most commonly used tools for people to self-locate and find their way in the indoor environment and its design and representation are gradually attracting attention of many researchers becoming one of the research hotspots in the field of cartography.In the process of user’s wayfinding,landmarks act as a prominent object in the environment and functions as an anchor point.The indoor landmark is an extension of the concept of the landmark which is prominent in the indoor environment.Landmark salience is the main reason for users to select landmarks because it represents the attractiveness of landmark.Combining the landmarks and their salience with indoor map design and representation can increase the efficiency of users obtaining spatial knowledge from indoor maps and reduce the difficulty of indoor wayfinding.However,current indoor maps generally lack attention to landmark and landmark salience and most of the selection are subjective which lacks the necessary theoretical basis.The consideration of the use of landmarks as anchor points for indoor map design and representation is also less.In order to solve above problems,this paper propose an approach on the design and representation of indoor map considering landmark salience which study the evaluation method of indoor landmark salience as the basis,and then study the effect of landmarks and their influence on the design and representation of indoor maps which makes the indoor map more in line with the user’s spatial cognition.This paper conducted a more detailed study,the main research contents and innovations are as follows:(1)Evaluation methods of indoor landmark salience.Combining with the actual situation of the indoor environment,the currently existing methods for evaluating the landmark salience are analyzed and compared.The appropriate indoor landmark salience evaluation strategy is selected and the evaluation scoring systems are proposed with the weight of each factor calculated by analytic hierarchy process.Typical regions are chosen for testing and analysis.(2)Indoor map design and representation methods considering landmark salience.Based on the analysis and evaluation of the current indoor map representation method,the relationship between landmarks and indoor map representation methods was discussed based on the spatial cognitive theory.An indoor map design method suitable for the expression of landmarks was proposed.The method of hierarchical clustering was used to build the stratification of landmarks.For different users,indoor map landmarks are hierarchically expressed based on landmark stratification.The scale of indoor maps is analyzed and the multi-scale representation of indoor map landmarks is finished.(3)Scientific verification of the indoor map design and representation methods considering landmark salience.The production process of the indoor map of this paper is elaborated and an experimental system is implemented based on iOS.The correlation results between the evaluation result of indoor landmark salience and public opinion is relatively high which verifies the validity of the indoor landmark salience evaluation method proposed by this paper.Questionnaire is used to collect users’ opinions to the to validate the indoor map design and representation methods.The results indicated that the user was satisfied with the design and expression of the indoor map presented in this paper.