| Martianus dermestoides,is also known as the Kowloon worm and Longevity worm which belongs to the family Coleoptera,and is a kind of resource insects feeding with stored medical materials.The mutual symbiotic relationship between insects and endosymbiotic microorganisms is quite extensive and is of great value at biological resources.Microbe is the core of integrated utilization of straw mainly used in agricultural sector(feed and fertilizer).Therefore,it is essential to screening and analysis the function strain of degrading straws.In this study,high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the variable region of the 16S rDNA and the fungal ITS1 region of the bacteria,and then analyzed and compared the flora structure and diversity of two different ages(larvae and adults)and feedings(chose two actual production ratios:Feeding groupl.contains 40%of Chinese-date,with no Ginseng ingredients;the main content of Feeding group2.is 40%of Ginseng,with no Chinese-date).Straw fermentation experiment proceed after the experiment of screening the straw degradation strains from Martianus dermestoides symbiotic bacteria,and analyzed the degradation effect of screened strains.The research results are as follows:1.Diversity of symbiotic bacteria in different ages of Martianus dermestoides Under different ages,the dominant species of the larvae are Odyssey and Lactobacillus,and the dominant species of the adult are Vibriones and Enterococcus.The abundance of two different ages of symbiotic microbial fungi in Martianus dermestoides do have some changes,but Ascomycota showed higher abundance level in both ages.In addition,the internal symbiotic bacteria involves in almost all of the life activities of Martianus dermestoides.At different growth stages,the metabolic activities that symbiosis of Martianus dermestoides are participate in also very difference;One is reflected in the metabolic activities of nutrients,the other is manifested in life activities including signal transmission.2.Diversity of symbiotic bacteria in different feed-feeding Martianus dermestoides With different feeds,the symbiotic bacteria in Martianus dermestoides have great changes in the structure of the flora and the stability of the flora.The dominant species of Feeding group 1.are Vibrio,Enterococcus and Streptococcus and of Feeding group 2.are Vibrio and Enterococcus.Biological metabolic activity of Martianus dermestoides symbolic bacteria at two different feedings also changes.Cofactor and Vitamin metabolism,membrane transport,global and overview maps and amino acid metabolism show the abnormal significance when the feeding condition changed.3.The screening of functional strain of decomposing straw and its function analysisFirstly,using Congo red,9 plants of straw degradation strains are primary screened from Martianus dermestoides symbolic bacteria,and then 2 strains are deeply screened by disintegrating test of filter paper.Adjusting pH value via lactic acid,the straws are separated into 2 groups and conduct fermentation experiment with single strain and composited strains,respectively.The result illustrates that decomposing bacteria can highly effectively resolve cellulose and hemicellulose.Comparing with the single strain,composited strains presented higher efficiency of degradation:the hemicellulose degradation rates of composited strains at 3d,5d,10d,15d,and 20d are 2.36%,14.30%,30.96%,39.43%and 41.41%.There is a 2.28%and a 1.52%higher when compared to YC-1 20 d(39.13%)and YC-1 20 d(39.89%),respectively.The cellulose degradation rates of composited strains are 5.04%,22.52%,30.13%,32.44%and 34.15%,also show a 1.83%and a 3.92%higher of cellulose dagradation when compared to YC-1 20 d(32.32%)and YC-1 20 d(30.23%)In conclusion,we have aquired the results of the dominant bacteria,abundance differences and function prediction of Martianus dermestoides endophytic bacteria at different ages and feedings;and then we selected two bacterial strains with the best decomposition effect to analyze their decomposing rates.Above all,this paper successfully conducted the research of Martianus dermestoides symbolic bacteria and then applied to degrading straw,which has the overwhelming significance of guiding the actual production and standardized development and utilization of medicinal insect resources,Martianus dermestoides.At the meantime,it provides the valuable facts for further development of decomposing bacteria of maize straws.Moreover,it gives impetus to making full and effective use of achieving the straw biomass resources in China and to a healthy,sustained,rapid and stable development of modern ecological agriculture. |
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