Effects Of Long Term Planting Of Grapevines On The Rhizosphere Soil Microbiota

Plant rhizosphere microorganisms,which are closely related to plant growth and environmental adaptability.In this study,the high-throughput sequencing method was used to analyze the microbial community structure of rhizosphere soil of different varieties with different vine growth status from a same vineyard which is planting grapes for 15 years.And growth-promoting cultivable microbes with functions of phosphate and potassium solublizating,nitrogen fixation and IAA production in those rhizosphere soils were isolated and compared.At the same time,the effects of the addition of different rhizosphere soils on the growth of grape seedlings and rhizosphere soil microbial communities were examined.Main obtained results as follows:1.There is no significant differences in the physical and chemical properties between grapevine rhizosphere and non-grapevine rhizosphere soils,as well as the rhizosphere soils among different grapevine cultivars with different growth status which from the same vineyard.However,soil microbiota were shaped in different degrees by the planted grapevines with different cultivars,growth status and sampling locations.1)The differences of bacterial community structure between the vigorously-growth grapevine rhizosphere soils(VGRS)and non-grapevine rhizosphere soils(NGRS)were much larger than differences between weakly-growth grapevine rhizosphere soils(WGRS)and NGRS.The dominant bacteria of VGRS at genus level are Ferruginibacter,CCM19a_unclassified,the dominant genera of fungi are Athelia,Stropharia,Skermanella,etc.;The dominant bacteria of WGRS at genus level are Candidatus_Berkiella and Xanthobacteraceae_unclassified,and fungus are Ceratobasidium,Chondrogasterun,Branch.2)The colonization of grapevine rhizosphere soil microbes would be influenced by the variety of host.The host selectivety of bacteria between grapevines are mainly shown in the genera Haloimpatiens,Azotobacter,Geodermatophilus,Azospira,etc.;in the mean while,the selectivety also shown in genera of fungus Pluteus,Pilidella,Debaryomyces,etc.3)The abundance of aerobic bacteria,anaerobic bacteria,facultatively anaerobic bacteria,the mobile elements contain bacteria,and stress tolerence bacteria in the grapevine rhizosphere soil increases,and the abundance of potential pathogenic bacteria in the VGRS were relatively higher than other soil samples.Moreover,the content of gram-negative or positive bacteria and potential pathogenic bacteria content has no obvious relevnce with grape varieties and growth conditions.2.The isolation rate and taxonomy of cultivable functional microbes in the soil has no obvious relevnce with grape varieties and growth conditions.1)Soil-isolated functional strains in vineyards are mainly bacteria,and also contain some fungi and a small amount of actinomycetes;2)Among the isolated functional strains,there are many functional strains with nitrogen fixation,phosphorus dissolution,and IAA production。3.The growth of grapevine have been influnced by rhizosphere soils and rhizosphere microbes,however the effets were not reach the statistic significances.In short,the long-term grapevine planting has no significant effect on the rhizosphere soil microorganisms in general,and the rhizosphere soil and soil microbes have no significant effect on the growth of grape seedlings,indicating that long-term grape cultivation have not lead obvious negative effects to the local soil and soil microbiomes.However,the microbial community in the rhizosphere of the grape has a certain relationship with the cultivation and growth condition of the grape.After long–term planting of grapevines,the fungal and bacterial community structures rhizosphere soil hava been changed to a certain extent.Rizosphere microbes also showed influences on the growth and metabolism of the grapevine.This study provides some clues for growth-promoting microbial resources exploitation and possibilities of grape growth and quality regulation by tools of rhizosphere microbes.