Research On The Application Of Statistical Inference Method In Food Safety Field

As a new statistical learning method,statistical inference has been widely and deeply applied in the field of food safety.The advantages of statistical methods are scientific,reliable,comprehensive,systematic and fast,which just meet the requirements of scientific,objective,rigorous and rapid data analysis and processing in the field of food safety.Therefore,statistical inference methods are increasingly used by statisticians and food safety experts to deal with experimental results and test data in the field of food safety.In this paper,the content of heavy metals in aquatic products(fish,shrimp and crab)in Chinese market was analyzed statistically.From the data collection,data preprocessing,data visualization,spatial and temporal analysis,risk evaluation and modeling for data mining and exploration statistical point of view,the missing value fill,map visualization,variance analysis,risk assessment,clustering,non metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS),and other statistical methods,in the complicated historical data to discover interesting phenomenon,find out the heavy metals in the body of aquatic products safety problem,and provides specific advice to local residents and government.The second chapter analyzed the Spatio-temporal distribution of heavy metals in 6746 batch samples of aquatic products(fishes,shrimp,and crabs)randomly collected from 31 provinces throughout China from 2015 to 2017,making risk assessments of six heavy metals(arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr),copper(Cu),mercury(Hg),and lead(Pb)).Previous studies of heavy metals in aquatic products in China mainly focused on small and medium areas,such as a province or a city with few studies within the scope of the country.The results of this study indicated that the average concentration of heavy metals in the researched aquatic products was below the limit by China,excluding Cd levels in sea crabs.The national average concentration of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Pb in aquatic products was 0.053,0.040,0.146,0.288,0.055 mg/kg,respectively.In addition,there were significant differences of heavy metal concentrations in different species,months,and provinces tested through analysis of variance(ANOVA,p<0.05).The concentration of Cd,Cr,Hg,and Pb in the tested aquatic products varied greatly within one year,which was higher in summer and autumn,and lower in spring and winter.Simultaneously,Crabs in Shandong,Shanxi,Zhejiang,and Shanghai posed a higher risk of Cd exposure,with the average Cd level exceeding the limit by China(0.5 mg/kg).In the target hazard index(THQ)and the total hazard index(HI)risk assessments,the six metals did not exceed 1,indicating that the overall metal exposure risk was small.In addition,the heavy metal exposure risk from eating seafood was higher,compared to the risk from eating freshwater products,and the lifetime cancer risk(TR)of Cd in crabs was greater than 10-4,which indicated that they did pose a potential cancer risk.These results allow relevant departments to better target their efforts when sampling aquatic products,focusing on sampling during high concentration seasons and provinces,and to advise the local population to adjust their intake of aquatic products to avoid potential high risk heavy metal exposure.NMDS analysis showed that the contents of Cr,Hg and Pb in fish were higher than those in shrimp and crabs in China.According to the situation of heavy metals in aquatic products of 31 provinces,the clustering model divides the 31 provinces into three categories,in which the content of heavy metals in aquatic products of the third category is relatively the highest,and the content of heavy metals in aquatic products of the first category is relatively the lowest.