Effects Of Short Warming And Herbivores Origin On Competition Of Invasive And Native Clonal Plants

Global climate change and biological invasion are important global issues today and important threats to ecosystems and biodiversity.The extent to which alien species spread and harm within their invasion depends to a large extent on environmental changes and the effects of global warming.However,most of the current research focuses on the direct impact of climate change,and there are still few studies on the effects of interactions between different sources of plants and natural enemies from different sources on the impact of invasive alien species in the context of climate warming.In view of the above research hot spot,we hope that by increasing temperature and adding different sources of natural enemy of cultivation experiment simulation,similar to the source of invasive and native plants under different treatment combinations of competition,growth and feeding condition are studied,at the same time observe the invasive plants under different temperature environment with different performance of native plants,as well as the interaction between plants and different sources of natural enemy.In this study,4 pairs of invasive and local clone plants of similar origin were used as the research objects,and use two enemies from different sources(Bradybaena similaris and Achatina Fulica).We designed experiments at 5 factors and 2 levels: plant origin(invasive or native),increasing temperature(ambient or warming),plant competition(intraspecific or interspecific),native enemies(with or without)and invasive enemies(with or without).We measured the invasive and native plants under different processing of the total biomass,leaf biomass,clonal organ biomass,root biomass,eaten ratio,survival rate and root-shoot ratio index,and the two kinds of snail statistics of its survival rate and biomass,through the analysis of the above indicators to explore the different sources of plant under different temperature and the interaction of the natural enemies on its competition and growth.The research results show that:1.Foreign plants successfully invaded have stronger competition and growth ability.Foreign plants are significantly stronger than local plants in total biomass,leaf biomass,clonal organ biomass,root biomass and survival rate.At the same time,interspecific competition significantly increased the total biomass and leaf biomass of invasive plants,while the effect on the biomass accumulation of native plants was opposite.The positive effect of warming on biomass growth of invasive plants was also significantly greater than that of native plants,indicating that under the warming environment,invasive plants could better expand their competitive advantages with native plants.To some extent,the total biomass and leaf biomass of plants were reduced by native and invasive natural enemies.Meanwhile,the competition among plant species increased the eaten ratio of native plants and decreased the eaten ratio of invasive plants,indicating that the two natural enemies were more inclined to feed on native plants.The eaten ratio of plants,especially the native plants,was increased by the heating treatment.2.The survival rate of natural enemies from different sources is significantly different,and the survival rate of invasive snails is higher than that of native snails;At the same time,the biomass of invasive snails was significantly larger than that of native snails.Different environmental temperatures also have a great impact on the growth of the two species of snails.The biomass difference between the invasive snails and the native snails is significantly increased in the warming environment,that is,the warming has a significant positive effect on the exotic snails and a negative effect on the native snails.Therefore,the natural enemies of foreign invasion have greater advantages in the tolerance to high temperature.However,the interaction between the source of natural enemies and the competition of natural enemies shows that the presence or absence of invasive snails has no significant impact on the body weight of native snails.3.Wide feeding herbivores,feeding of plant community,is the source of the herbivores and plant community diversity and productivity,the influence of such factors as research proves that two wide feed predatory snails are more inclined to native plants,and invasive snail in adaptability,eaten ratio,take food intake and growth rate significantly stronger than local snails,and has better heat resistance in a warmer environment.At the same time,the behavior and activity of herbivores will also be affected by the environment.When the environment temperature deviates from the optimal temperature range,it will have a negative impact on its adaptability.Therefore,when the environment temperature is too high,herbivorous natural enemies will have more choices and stay in the heat avoidance area.