Studies On Degeneration Characteristics And Restoration Feasibility Of Typical Travertine In Xuebaoding Basin

The Cahua travertine landscape of the alpine region in Xuebaoding Basin is famous around the world.Different types of travertine sediments combined with the rich water,forest,canyon and other geomorphological environment in the basin constitute a unique natural landscape.Jiuzhaigou and Huanglonggou in the basin are inscribed on the World Cultural and Natural Heritage List.The two travertine world natural heritage sites not only have huge humanistic and economic value,but also have extremely high scientific research value.In recent years,due to the influence of geological movements and tourism pressure,the calcareous landscape has seen the collapse and cracking of rock dams around the coloured ponds,the sanding of beach flows and the localised blackening of large amounts of calcareous,which has attracted the attention of researchers from all walks of life.This paper investigates the influence of different conditions on the degradation behaviour of calcium wars by proposing new classification criteria for calcium wars and calcium wars,characterising typical calcium wars,and simulating the process of calcium wars degradation leaching,in order to provide a scientific and theoretical basis for proposing calcium wars landscape conservation and restoration work.The particularity of the location of the study area and the complexity of the types of travertine deposits make the distinction between travertine landscapes and travertine deposits unable to be classified according to existing classification methods.In this paper,travertine landscapes and travertine sediments are classified into "small-scale space" and "sedimentary environment-sedimentation-sedimentary morphology" respectively.The travertine landscapes in the basin are divided into 2 landscape bodies,12 landscape groups,7 landscape spots.The travertines in the basin are divided into 4 types,9 subtypes,and 17 microtypes.These two types of classification methods provide a new idea and method for related travertine classification.Analysis of the physical,chemical,mineral and biological characteristics of typical travertines in the Xuebaoding basin that travertines are typical calcite carbonate minerals.The abundance of organisms in the basin is high,and organisms actively participate in travertine deposition.With the help of microscopic morphology observation,organisms provide a template and inducement in the process of travertine deposition,and have synergistic regulation characteristics.In the process of cross-scale pore observation,it is found that the interior of travertine is composed of single or combined pores of different scales.During the formation process,the internal pore structure is changed and different types of travertine are deposited due to physical-chemical and biological effects.During the process of travertine deposition,the internal pore structure changes and the way of particle cementation changes,which affects the stability of the travertine rock mass,and causes degradation phenomena such as desertification and blackening.By simulating the rapid leaching process of travertine,travertine and leaching solution produce waterrock interaction,and the internal effective soluble matter has dissolution effect.The degradation intensity of travertine under conventional and extreme conditions is the strongest in simulated karst water,followed by acidic water,and the weakest in simulated precipitation.Due to the incomplete water-rock reaction,the leaching process brings out a large number of travertine diagenetic elements and organic matter,and the dissolution-precipitation and reverse dissolution reactions occur.The change of the pore size of the internal particles of travertine makes the calcineous sediment change from the original dense structure to the loose structure,which affects the stability of travertine and causes the degradation of travertine under the influence of geological movement and water flow.In view of the phenomenon that the microscopic pores of travertine affect the stability of landscape,combined with the existing research basis,the microscopic crystal restoration scheme is put forward to restore the original stability of travertine rock mass and to provide new ideas for the restoration and conservation of travertine landscape.