| The genus Analcellicampa Wei,2019 belongs to the subfamily Hoplocampinae(Insecta: Hymenoptera: Tenthredinomorpha: Tenthredinidae).Species of the genus feeds exclusively on young fruits of Cerasus in the family Rosaceae.The complex and diverse coloration of individuals within this genus,the blurred boundaries between species,and the large differences in geographic distribution provide good materials for studying evolutionary relationships and speciation using genomic data.In this study,mitochondrial genomic data of 73 Analcellicampa species were obtained by highthroughput sequencing,and single-copy orthologous genes were extracted.Mitochondrial genomic features of Analcellicampa were analyzed,and multiple datasets were used to explore the study of Analcellicampa regarding species definition,phylogeny and divergence time,and the main results are as follows.The mitochondrial genomes of Analcellicampa were 15071?15520 bp in length and contained 37 typical genes with a significant AT bias in base composition.The genetic order of all samples in the genus was rearranged from CR-trn I-trn Q-trn M to trn M-trn Q-CR-trn I(CR is the control region)compared with the ancestral insects.All13 protein-coding genes used ATN as the start codon,except for nad4,which was terminated by T,and all the others used TAN as the stop codon.The codon usage was similar within the genus.The d N / d S of Analcellicampa were less than 1,indicating that all of them were under the positive selection of evolutionary selection.Among them,atp8 was under relatively less natural selection pressure.Using multiple methods,species definition was performed on all samples.The results of ABGD,Vsearch and haplotype network maps all supported that there were five species within Analcellicampa,while the b PTP results showed that there were nine species.Combined with the morphology and literature reports,it is speculated that b PTP has the possibility of over division.In conclusion,five species were confirmed with Analcellicampa.All 12 phylogenetic trees constructed in this paper all support that Hoplocampa is located at the base the subfamily Hoplocampinae,and that Monocellicampa and Analcellicampa form a sister group,and also support that Analcellicampa is a monophyletic group.Within Analcellicampa,the relationship among A.xanthosoma,A.wui,and A.danfengensis failed to yield consistent results in the mitochondrial genome.The phylogenetic relationship based on single-copy orthologous genes is as follows:(A.maculidorsata +(A.acutiserrula +(A.wui +(A.danfengensis + A.xanthosoma)))).Divergence times were estimated using the mitochondrial genome and single-copy orthologous genes for divergence time estimation,respectively.The family Xyelidae(242?237 Mya)and family Tenthredinidae(183?182 Mya)were selected for fossil calibration.The results based on the mitochondrial genomes showed that Analcellicampa began to diverge at about 37.581 Mya,while the results based on single-copy orthologous genes were 11.855 Mya.From the literature,the divergence time of Cerasus,the host of Analcellicampa,is known to be about 35.9 Mya.In conclusion,the divergence time estimate based on single-copy orthologous genes is considered to be more reliable.The genus Analcellicampa first diverged at about 11.855 Mya and A.maculidorsata was firstly differentiated.A.acutiserrula was differentiated at 9.89 Mya,then A.wui at 7.608 Mya.And at 6.67 Mya,A.danfengensis and A.xanthosoma were differentiated at last. |
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