Based On Geomorphic Features And Sub-basin Classification Analysis Of Ecological Geomorphology Of Sancha River Basin

The earth's surface is an important place for people to carry out production and life,and the topography and ecosystem of the earth's surface,as two important factors that directly or indirectly affect people's production and life,have a relationship of mutual influence and feedback to a certain extent.At a time when the research on landform and ecological environment is more popular,we should launch the study on the combination of regional landform and ecological environment at an appropriate time,aiming to realize the coordination of ecological and landform functions,efficient and sustainable operation,in addition,based on the different ecological environment of the region.The types of landforms construct different ecological function systems for them,and integrate the various ecological functions in the region to form a function system for better regulation and management in the design of functional capacity enhancement.The Sancha River Basin is located in the transition area from the northwestern plateau of Guizhou Province to the hills of central Guizhou.It is extremely complex in terms of geological structure and morphological conditions.It is also blessed by the widespread distribution of carbonate rocks and high-intensity human activities.The ecological environment in the basin is generally fragile.Based on the morphology and ecological environment of the surface landforms,this paper conducts a quantitative analysis of the landforms and habitats of the Sancha River Basin,and constructs the corresponding ecological landform function system research and analysis according to different types of ecological landforms,hoping to conduct the ecological environment of the basin.Provide a certain theoretical basis during construction and disaster prevention to minimize the obstacles to local people's production,life and social and economic development due to harsh natural conditions.In this paper,the research and analysis of the ecological geomorphology of the Sancha River Basin mainly include the quantitative analysis of the surface geomorphology and ecosystem of the basin,the multiple linear regression analysis of the impact of the basin topographical conditions on the ecological environment,and the construction of the basin ecological and geomorphological type functional system.Three aspects of evaluation and improvement design:(1)Based on the morphological elements of the Sancha River Basin,the land surface morphology of the Sancha River Basin is quantitatively analyzed by using the combination of elevation-undulation,combination of cutting depth-slope,area-elevation integral,and strip profile.The sub-basins obtained through hydrological analysis of the Sancha River Basin were classified based on the landform types,and a total of 5 sub-basins with different landform types were obtained;for the ecological environment of the basin,the water and heat conditions,soil types,and land use were used.As well as the vegetation conditions,it has been quantitatively and spatially analyzed,and finally realized the in-depth analysis of the basic topography and ecological environment of the Sancha River Basin.The main conclusions include:The relative height difference between the water outlet of the basin and the maximum elevation value is up to 2040 m.The surface undulation is severe,the cutting is deep,and the slope is steep.Most of the landform types are medium-low to medium-high hills,shallow-cut gentle slopes to steeper slopes;while in the sub-basin In terms of geomorphological evolution,the sub-basins of Sancha River are mostly in menopause and menopause,which are closely related to the local geological structure and lithological conditions.In terms of the ecological environment of the basin,the annual precipitation in the Sancha River Basin Between800-1400 mm,the annual average temperature is between 10-15?,which is a typical subtropical monsoon humid climate,but under the influence of factors such as the surface and topography in the basin,it shows a certain regular difference in space,With the increase in elevation,both temperature and precipitation show a significant decreasing trend.(2)In the research and analysis of the impact of watershed topographical conditions on its ecological environment,two elements of temperature and precipitation in hydrothermal conditions are selected as dependent variables,and four elements of elevation,undulation,slope and HI value in topographical conditions are used as independent variables,based on SPSS software uses multiple linear regression analysis methods to obtain the geomorphological elements that affect the ecological environment of the Sancha River Basin and their degree of influence.The results are as follows: the topographical conditions in the Sancha River Basin have an impact on its ecological environment mainly in the control of temperature and precipitation in the basin,which indirectly affects the ecological environment of the entire basin.Among these geomorphological elements,the elevation element is particularly prominent.The correlation coefficient R2 with temperature and precipitation has reached above 0.8,showing an obvious negative correlation.As the elevation increases,the temperature and precipitation show a significant decreasing trend.Vegetation types have also begun to change.From the sub-watershed of the micro-cut mid-low hilly landform type in the lower reaches of the basin to the shallow-cut small undulating and steeper mid-alpine landform sub-basin of the upper reaches,the average temperature has dropped from 15.55? to 12.83?,the annual average.The precipitation also dropped from 1388.38 mm to 961.05 mm.(3)After reclassification and clustering to obtain 5 geomorphic sub-watersheds,the sub-watersheds of the same geomorphic type have inherent characteristics of similar habitats and vegetation systems,including the elevation,undulation,slope and other geomorphological elements of the watershed,as well as water and heat.Ecosystem elements such as conditions,soil and vegetation types have constructed and evaluated the ecological function system of different ecological landform types in the Sancha River Basin,as well as the promotion of ecological function design.After quantitatively analyzing the surface morphology and ecological environment in the basin,and obtaining five sub-watersheds of different ecological landform types,the corresponding ecological function system was constructed according to different landform morphology and ecological environment conditions.Select corresponding ecological and economic types of vegetation for sub-basins of different geomorphic types,and perform corresponding coupling and matching of terrain entities and vegetation communities to determine the plant communities and communities required by sub-basins of different geomorphic types to ensure their ecological functions In order to alleviate existing environmental problems such as water and soil erosion;in addition,combined with the geological structure and surface morphological conditions of the watershed,a functional system of disaster prevention and mitigation of ecological geomorphology is constructed for it to realize the physical and ecological stability of the watershed.