Charactering The Adaptive Evolutionary Of Miscanthus Lutarioriparius Based On Transcriptome

In the study,we performed the population transcriptomic data of ten representative populations of Miscanthus lutarioriparius to reveal its key factors,impacting the local adaption of the species.First,we used SNPs to phase haplotype and analyze the differentially expressed genes among environments and among phased haplotypes.Then,we classed these genes into four categories: genes that are significantly affected by the environment(E),significantly affected by haplotypes(G),significantly affected by environmental and haplotype interactions(G & E)and not significantly affected.The results indicate that,we found that the gene sets of G & E and E played importance roles in the local population.The gene expression of the set of G & E was more sensitive to other factors,while the gene set of E was relatively stable.The former significantly enriched in ribosomal pathway-related functional genes,and the latter significantly enriched in protein folding-related functional genes.Functional genes were involved in responding to external pressures.Therefore,we inferred that the differential gene expression of these genes was mainly affected by the environment and the interaction between genotype and environment.Moreover,we sampled 60 F1 individuals(Miscanthus sacchariflorus × M.lutarioriparius)from three experiments in Liuyang,Wuhan and Xiaoyi(20 individuals per site)to analyze morphologic,photosynthetic and transcriptomic traits.And it turns out,based on these traits of plant height,leaf length,leaf,stem and so on,we found there were significant variation among three experiments about plant high,tiller diameter and tiller numbers(P < 0.05)and all seven traits had significant variation in each site with the coefficient of variation range of 19.84-256.34%.As increasing the drought stress in these sites,F1 population enhanced the water use efficient,which indicated that F1 adapted to arid environment by reducing the amount of water loss.In three sites,the levels of gene expression had no significant differentiation,but the expression diversity had significant lower in Xiaoyi than in Liuyang and Wuhan.The candidate genes,correlating with differentiation of expression diversity were mainly related to plant metabolism and signal transmission.These results would be useful for formulate effective protection measures for genetic resources and provide genetic basis for improving breeding efficiency.