Arbitration Semi-quantum Signature And Quantum Multi-Proxy Group Blind Signature Protocols

With the rapid development of quantum algorithms and quantum computers,the security of traditional digital signature is seriously threatened,while quantum signatures based on the characteristics of quantum mechanics have unconditional security.As an effective technical means to ensure message identity authentication,data integrity,and signature undeniability,quantum signatures are widely favored in numerous applications in fields such as contract signing,mobile payment,and electronic anonymous voting.The application of semi quantum cryptography in quantum cryptography can greatly reduces the technical cost of quantum communication and promote the practical application of quantum signatures.The main research work is as follows:For the three-party quantum key distribution system with two classical communication parties and one quantum party,a three-party semi-quantum key distribution protocol based on the entanglement characteristics of two-level GHZ states is constructed,which aims to solve the key distribution problem between the two classical communication parties and improve the utilization of quantum resources.With the assistance of a trusted quantum third party Charlie,the two classical users Alice and Bob can achieve key distribution safely without the need to set up quantum channels between Alice and Bob.The protocol performs two measurement retransmissions,reusing the returned particles that are usually discarded in a typical semi-quantum key distribution protocol,which makes the protocol more efficient.In quantum signature protocol,in order to encrypt messages and signatures,a series of key must be shared between signer,signature receiver and arbitration in advance.The three-party semi quantum key distribution protocol proposed in this dissertation can realize the efficient allocation of this key.The analysis shows that the protocol can resist the common attack methods such as measurement retransmission,interception retransmission attack and entanglement attack under ideal conditions.Combining the concept of semi-quantum cryptography with arbitration signature,an offline arbitration semi-quantum signature protocol is designed based on the decoy state security detection strategy and the reliable and the reliable entanglement persistence of the four-particle Cluster state.With the help of quantum arbitration Trent,both signer Alice and signature receiver Bob without full quantum capabilities could complete message delivery and signature verification respectively.In the protocol,the more complicated entanglement state preparation and qubit distribution are undertaken by arbitration,hence the operation complexity of the signer Alice and the signer Bob is reduced accordingly.At the same time,the arbitrator no longer interferes with the direct verification of the signature,so that the signature receiver has complete signature verification rights.Compared with some typical arbitration quantum signature protocols,this protocol has higher qubit efficiency.In addition,this paper analyzes the non repudiation and unforgeability of the protocol.A quantum dynamic multi-proxy group blind signature protocol with high-dimensional n-particle GHZ state is constructed.The original signer could specify certain proxy signers in the group to exercise the signature right,that is,the agent could be dynamically added or removed and they do not need to sign repeatedly in the signature extension stage,which simplifies the complexity of proxy signatures.The protocol uses high-dimensional GHZ state as the carrier of information coding,which carries more information,thus improving the efficiency of quantum signature protocol.Besides,security analysis manifests that this protocol could resist some common attacks in quantum information communication,and has the properties of dynamics,group attributes,blindness and distinguishability.