| Today,China's economy has entered a period of new normal.Faced with many problems such as excessive energy consumption,serious pollution,and deterioration of the natural environment,it has become the leading direction of China's future development to continuously improve the quality of development and pursue green development.Energy industry as the key related to the national economy and people's livelihood and national economy industry,to promote energy conservation and emissions reduction process in our country,promoting economic transformation development is of great significance,with high quality and energy enterprise widespread low resource utilization,pollutant discharge exceeds bid,imbalance of economic and ecological problems,such as green energy industry in the development level of ascension.Improving the level of ecological efficiency of energy enterprises and realizing the coordinated development of economic dimension and ecological dimension are not only conducive to the construction of a clean and low-carbon modern energy system in China,but also conducive to further deepening the reform of the energy supply side and accelerating the overall green development process in China.This paper takes 12 listed energy companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares as the research object.Based on sustainable development theory,green economy theory,environmental economic theory,and ecological efficiency theory,firstly,the super-efficiency SBM-DEA model is used to measure from a static perspective.The eco-efficiency of the sample energy companies from 2012 to 2019 was analyzed,and the eco-efficiency level and ecoefficiency improvement were analyzed.Secondly,the Malmquist index was used to analyze the changes in the eco-efficiency of the sample energy companies during the sample period from a dynamic perspective.The measurement and decomposition are carried out,and the overall dynamic analysis and comparative dynamic analysis are carried out.Thirdly,the Tobit model is used to analyze the influencing factors of the sample energy companies,and the labor cost,specialization level,economic structure,economic development level and environmental regulation are studied.The direction and degree of influence of other factors on the ecoefficiency of the sample energy companies;finally,based on the above research results,policy recommendations aimed at improving the eco-efficiency of energy companies are put forward.The research results show that:(1)The eco-efficiency level of the sample energy enterprises from 2012 to 2019 is low,with an annual average of 0.445,mainly due to the low scale efficiency.The sample energy enterprises as a whole show a two-stage development characteristic of "decreasing first and then rising" with 2016 as the boundary.There is a big difference in the ecological efficiency among the enterprises,and the polarization is obvious.(2)The average total factor productivity of the sample energy enterprises from 2012 to 2019 is1.032,and the average annual growth rate of eco-efficiency is 3.2%.It is also expressed as a two-stage development of “decrease first,then rise”.Technological progress has a positive effect on the ecological efficiency of the sample energy companies,and pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency have a negative effect;(3)labor costs,level of specialization,Economic structure,economic development level and environmental regulations all have a positive effect on the eco-efficiency of the sample energy companies;(4)Based on the above conclusions,it is proposed that the government should promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure,provide policy support,and strengthen environmental regulations.Formulate policy recommendations on green development strategies for energy companies,strengthen management innovation,and promote technological progress.This study broadens the research field of ecological efficiency theory,enriches the theoretical results of enterprise efficiency evaluation,helps energy enterprises break the current development dilemma,improves their sustainable development ability and market competitiveness,and provides a decision-making reference for relevant government departments to make development decisions in the energy industry and energy enterprises and their related types to formulate green development strategies. |
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