Study On The Influence Of Residential Building Layout On Outdoor Wind Environment In Eastern Qinghai Province

The eastern part of Qinghai Province is located in the plateau area,where the climate is cold and the winter is long.The local residential areas have higher requirements for the site wind environment in winter.With Xining City as the center,the eastern part of Qinghai Province is the fastest developing region in Qinghai Province.The degree of urbanization in this region is high.In recent years,the number and scale of residential construction are increasing,and it is particularly important to build comfortable site and wind environment for residential communities.The site of the residential area is formed by the layout design of the residential buildings.Different building arrangement forms,traffic organization and functional zoning will form different wind fields in the residential area.Reasonable residential area layout can reduce the wind speed of the main activity site in winter,avoid the invasion of cold wind,increase the comfort of outdoor activities of residents,and improve human health.In the eastern part of Qinghai,except the main urban areas of Haidong and Xining,where there are more point high-rise residential buildings,the other counties and districts are mainly parallel multi-storey and medium-high high-rise board buildings.Through data analysis and field investigation,it is found that at present,there is a problem of cold wind invasion in the site wind environment of residential areas in winter.Based on the analysis of meteorological data,the eastern part of Qinghai is divided into transitional season and winter season by the method of climatic seasonal division,and the main residential areas in the eastern part of Qinghai are divided into two wind regimes: southeast wind regime and southwest wind regime.Considering that this area is located in the cold area in the climate zoning and the building thermal partition,it is proposed that the problem of cold wind invasion in the site should be mainly considered in winter,and the building layout can reduce the wind speed of the site.On the scale of residential neighborhoods,different layout models were built according to the actual residential areas.Through simulation and comparison,the site wind speed ratio generated by the layout of residential neighborhoods under different parameters such as height,spacing and layout characteristics was explored.Then,under two wind conditions in eastern Qinghai,On the basis of the actual residential areas investigated,eight simplified layout models,such as parallel layout,staggered layout,oblique layout,and commercial network enclosed layout,were established.The layout with better wind resistance effect was mixed and four working conditions were established for detailed adjustment,and the design strategy of windproof layout was summarized.It is found that under the wind conditions in this area,the enclosed and longitudinal staggered layout of commercial outlets have the best wind blocking effect.In the layout of buildings,the windproof effect of each column of buildings is best when it is staggered vertically.Parallel building layout should be avoided,because it is easy to form a ventilation corridor,so as to produce a large wind speed ratio in the road of residential district.The front row buildings in the south facing the wind should be arranged in parallel with small transverse spacing.The windward buildings in the east or west should avoid the arrangement of high-rise buildings to reduce the sunshine spacing.The compact building spacing in the windward side can effectively weaken the wind speed in the site.In addition,the actual housing model in the survey area was established for simulation,and the measured data were basically consistent with the simulated data,which ensured the authenticity and accuracy of the simulation.At present,there are relatively few researches on the outdoor wind environment of residential areas under the regional wind environment in the eastern part of Qinghai,which can add a certain research basis for this field.The eastern part of Qinghai Province has the typical climate and environment characteristics of valley cities,which can provide some reference for the residential district planning design of valley cities.