Experimental Study On Single-file Luggage-laden Pedestrian Movement Characteristics

With the rapid development of economy and society,the concept of public transportation-oriented development has been attracting more and more attentions.Public transportation systems including subway stations,airports,bus stations,and railway stations have been extensively developed and constructed.After being put into use,such transportation hubs usually gather a large number of passengers during peak hours.Different from general buildings,passengers in transportation hubs usually travel with luggage.Therefore,the design of pedestrian facilities such as stairs and passages need to consider the characteristics of luggage-laden pedestrians.Thus the effect of luggage-laden pedestrian proportions is focused on in the present thesis by designing and conducting single-file pedestrian movement experiments on horizontal grounds and stairs.The main research content includes the following three parts,(1)Influence of luggage-laden ratios on single-file pedestrian motion characteristics on horizontal plane.The movement of pedestrian carrying luggage is different from normal walking on horizontal plane.To explore this kind of pedestrian motion characteristics,in total five experimental scenarios with luggage-laden ratios of0%,20%?30%,40%?50%,70%?80% and 100% were designed and performed.Based on the experimental video,pedestrian trajectories were extracted.Then,microscopic and macroscopic motion characteristics of pedestrian movement were analyzed.It was firstly found that the individual motion speed distribution in different luggage-laden ratios obeys the Gaussian distribution.Secondly,a "stop and go wave" was found in the time-space diagram.Thirdly,from the relationship between spatial headway and speed,three states of pedestrian movement were observed,i.e.,free regime,weakly constrained regime and strongly constrained regime.Finally,in the relationship between lateral sway and speed,the decline rate and average lateral sway amplitude of pedestrians with no luggage are larger than those who carries luggage.(2)Influence of luggage-laden ratios on single-file pedestrian motion characteristics on stairs.In this study,a series of single-file pedestrian movement experiments on stairs were designed.In total five different luggage-laden ratios were investigated.Based on the experimental video,the motion trajectories of pedestrians under different luggage-laden ratio scenarios were analyzed.From these results,it was found that,firstly,the average stopping time gradually increases as the luggage-laden ratios increases,as indicated by the time-space diagram.Secondly,in the relationship between spatial headway and speed,two distinct states,namely free regime and strongly constrained regime can be identified.The minimum headway was basically the same as the step depth during the downstairs process,while the minimum headway was greater than the step depth during the upstairs process.Finally,the characteristics of the pedestrian's lateral movement were further discussed.With the increase of individual speed,the decline rate of the pedestrian lateral sway amplitude during the downstairs process is faster than that of upstairs process.(3)Comparison of pedestrian movement characteristics on horizontal plane and stairs.The passenger gathering and leaving process in transportation hubs is a three-dimensional movement process connected by a series of ramps,stairs,passage facilities and so on.This process is subject to a series of complex constraints of horizontal and vertical traffic facilities.Based on the above-mentioned experimental data on horizontal plane and stairs,pedestrian movement characteristics in different geometric structures were compared and discussed.As can be found from the average speed distribution features,the pedestrian average speed on horizontal plane was significantly higher than that on the stairs.From the relationship between spatial headway and speed,it can be found that the free speed,minimum head distance,and adaptive time on horizontal plane are significantly higher than those on the stairs.From the relationship between speed and density it can be found when carrying luggage,pedestrian speed on stairs is much lower than that on horizontal plane.From the relationship between speed and lateral sway amplitude it can be observed that speed changes for pedestrians on stairs is more obvious when compared with the one on horizontal plane.