Research On Lightweight Track Optical Inspection Platform

As the basic equipment of railway transportation industry,railway track is exposed in the natural environment all the year round and bears the load action of the train constantly.Under the combined action of dense heavy load train impact and natural conditions,the change of track geometry and the aggravation of rail wear are the important factors that lead to railway safety accidents.In order to ensure the high-speed,stable,safe and uninterrupted operation of the train,it is necessary to carry on the inspection work to the railway track.Due to the disadvantages of the traditional manual detection method,such as low detection efficiency,time-consuming and labor-consuming,and not convenient for digital management,it can not well meet the detection requirements of railway tracks,and the large railway inspection vehicle is expensive,so it can not be popularized in many railway works sections in China.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to develop a lightweight,efficient,fast and convenient railway track inspection equipment to ensure the safety of railway transportation.This thesis focuses on the lightweight track detection platform based on the principle of non-contact optical measurement.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the detection technology of line structured light and surface structured light,a track detection platform equipped with different optical measuring equipment is designed and applied in the daily track inspection work of railway works section.Line structured light track detection technology has the ability of real-time online detection,which is generally suitable for straight track detection and belongs to the category of online detection.Surface structure light rail detection technology based on 3D point cloud scanning equipment,access to rail complex curved surface of point cloud data,and then through the analysis of the data processing software rail three-dimensional contour point cloud information,get rail abrasion and geometry parameter,generally applicable to split,frog,such as complex rail contour detection,belong to the category of off-line testing.In this thesis,compared with the existing different types of rail inspection platforms,analyzed their advantages and disadvantages,combined with the optical inspection requirements,put forward a "H" type four-wheel detection platform.A flexible structure is designed to make the platform adapt to different gauge sections,so as to ensure that there will be no derailment or lateral deviation during the implementation of the platform,and improve the verticality between the platform and the rail.According to the measurement characteristics of optical detection equipment,two design schemes of orbital optical detection platform were proposed.Based on the functional analysis and performance requirements,the space position and force of the detection platform were analyzed.Solid Works 3D modeling software was used to draw the general assembly drawing and part drawing of the testing platform.The 3D model of the testing platform was imported into ADAMA software for static analysis and dynamic simulation to verify the rationality of the structure design of the testing platform.On the basis of the simulation analysis,the analysis data are obtained,the related optimization work is carried out,and the final detection platform structure is determined.The physical prototype was manufactured,and the optical testing equipment was carried out in the laboratory for many times to improve and optimize the mechanical structure.After the completion of the laboratory environment test,the physical prototype of the detection platform has carried out the field test of the common speed railway track and the high-speed railway track.The test results show that the light rail inspection platform meets the requirements of daily track structure inspection.