The Influence Of Foreign Direct Investment On China's Carbon Dioxide Emissions Research

Global warming has caused many natural disasters and seriously threatened the survival of human beings.The greenhouse effect brought about by this has attracted the attention and concern of the whole world.Carbon dioxide is the main component of greenhouse gas,low-carbon emission reduction is urgent.General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed to achieve carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutral by 2060,and to include them in the construction of ecological civilization.This is China's responsibility as a major country and its solemn commitment to the world.In recent years,China has been increasing its efforts to attract foreign investment,lowering the entry threshold and reducing the negative list.In 2021,China's actual utilized FDI exceeded 1 trillion yuan for the first time.China has become the world's largest recipient of foreign investment.However,in order to accelerate the process of industrialization,China has attracted more foreign investment in a long period of time to enterprises with high pollution,high energy consumption and high carbon emissions.As a result,China's carbon dioxide emissions remain high,which affects the environmental quality and intensifies the greenhouse effect.In view of this,exploring the relationship between FDI and carbon emissions in China is helpful to clarify the impact of FDI on carbon emissions.Rational introduction of foreign investment to promote green and low-carbon development of China's economy.This is of great significance to the early realization of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutral" goals.This paper first summarizes the existing literature,and then introduces the theoretical basis of the relationship between FDI and environment.On this basis,it analyzes the influence mechanism and threshold effect of FDI on carbon emissions.Secondly,the present situation of carbon dioxide emission and foreign direct investment in China is analyzed in detail from the national,regional and industrial aspects.Then,based on the panel data of provinces from 2000 to 2019 in China,a benchmark regression model is constructed from national and regional perspectives to analyze the linear impact of foreign capital on carbon emissions.Finally,based on regional heterogeneity,the panel smooth transfer regression model is constructed with per capita GDP and human capital as conversion variables respectively to analyze the nonlinear impact of foreign capital on China's carbon emissions.The conclusions are as follows :(1)From the overall empirical results,FDI has a significant positive effect on China's carbon dioxide emissions;From the regional empirical results,first,foreign investment in each region has increased China's carbon emissions to a certain extent,and presents the characteristics of low in the east and high in the west.Second,there is some regional heterogeneity in the impact of human capital and per capita GDP on carbon emissions in China's eastern and Western regions.(2)Under the premise of regional heterogeneity,human capital and per capita GDP were selected as the conversion variables,and both passed the nonlinear test and the non-residual heterogeneity test,and then the panel smooth transition regression model could be constructed.Concrete empirical results.First,human capital is the conversion variable.When human capital is less than the threshold value,FDI has a positive impact on carbon emission.With the continuous development of human capital,when human capital exceeds the threshold value,FDI can reduce China's carbon emissions;The second is per capita GDP as the conversion variable.When per capita GDP is less than the threshold value,the economy is small and the development level is not high.The introduction of foreign capital will increase China's carbon emissions and affect environmental quality.As per capita GDP continues to increase,when it crosses the threshold value,the impact of FDI on carbon emissions turns from positive to negative,that is,to reduce China's carbon emissions.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions:(1)To introduce foreign investment in a scientific and reasonable way,pay attention to the relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions,strengthen environmental control,and formulate foreign investment policies according to local conditions.(2)Strengthen quality education,cultivate high-quality and high-level talents,strengthen the investment in basic education and vocational education,and absorb the technology spillover effect brought by foreign capital more efficiently.(3)Increase the investment of scientific research funds and improve the independent innovation ability of emission reduction technologies.We will give full play to the positive technological effects of foreign investment,and reduce carbon emissions.(4)Control the proportion of energy input and replace traditional energy with new energy.(5)Increase the proportion of the tertiary industry,accelerate the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure,and guide foreign investment to flow into clean and pollution-free tertiary industry.(6)Pay attention to the quality of foreign investment and improve the environmental regulation system.We will raise the threshold for foreign investment,introduce green and environmentally friendly foreign investment,and formulate reasonable and effective environmental rules and regulations.