Study On Diversity Of Flowering Hoverflies In Mountain Lands Of Shandong Province

This research investigated the flower-visiting hoverflies from Shandong Taishan Mountain(Taian),Kunyu Mountain(Yantai),Baodugu(Zaozhuang),Yishan Mountain(Weifang),Mengshan Mountain(Linyi),Lushan Mountain(Zibo).A total of 1740 samples,belonging to 3subfamilies 15 tribes,35 genera,a total of 66 species.The subfamily Syrphinae includes 4 tribes,14 genera and 29 species;subfamily Eristalinae includes 9 tribes,19 genera,35 species;subfamily Microdontinae includes 2 tribes,2 genera,2 species.A total of 64 species of flowervisiting hoverflies were collected because the tribes Xylotini and Microdontini did not visit flowers.The study found 15 new recorded species in Shandong Province.They are Epistrophe annulitarsis(Stackelberg,1918),Melangyna cincta(Fallen,1817),Syrphus vitripennis Meigen,1822,Dasysyrphus bilineatus(Matsumura,1917),Eupeodes nitens(Zetterstedt,1843),Ferdinandea cuprea(Scopoli,1763),Ferdinandea ruficornis(Fabricius,1775),Lejogaster splendida(Meigen,1822),Merodon micromegas(Hervé-Bazin,1929),Rhinotropidia rostrata(Shiraki,1930),Pipiza familiaris Matsumura,1918,Pipiza noctiluca(Linnaeus,1758),Spheginobaccha macropoda(Rigot,1883)and Microdon stilboides Walker,1849.Based on the analysis of 64 species of flower-visiting hoverflies in Shandong Province,we found there are 2 dominant species,15 common species and 47 rare species.On the generic level,there are 3 dominant genera,8 common genera and 22 rare genera.On the tribal level,there are 2 dominant tribes,3 common tribes and 8 rare tribes.The diversity analysis of different regions showed that Margalef species richness index in Yantai was the highest,Shannon-Wiener species richness index in Tai'an was the highest,Simpson dominance concentration index in Linyi was the highest,and Pielou evenness index in Tai 'an was the highest.Cluster analysis of different regions shows that Weifang and Linyi are grouped into one group,Zaozhuang and Zibo are grouped into one group,Yantai is grouped into one group,Tai 'an is grouped into one group.By analyzing the diversity of hoverflies in different months,39 species and 430 specimens of hoverflies were collected in April and 25 species and 371 specimens of hoverflies were collected in May.Margalef species richness index R,Shannon-Wiener diversity index H 'and Simpson dominance concentration index D were 0.7690,4.2788 and 0.9303 respectively.The maximum Pielou evenness index J was 0.8099 in June,so the overall activity and species richness were highest in April.Through the comparison of forest land and wheat field;The species richness index R,diversity index H 'and evenness index J of forestland were higher than those of wheat field,but the concentration index D of dominance index D of wheat field indicated that forestland had larger species richness and uniform distribution,and the number of dominant species in wheat field accounted for a large proportion.Based on the faunal analysis of hoverflies in Shandong Province,it is found that the species of hoverflies in Shandong Province are mainly from palaearctic region and Oriental region,and the species of hoverflies in Palaearctic region are almost the same as those in Oriental region.This study is the first to investigate species diversity in 6 different regions and different months in Shandong Province,and to investigate species diversity in wheat fields and woodland habitats in Tai'an City,providing basic data for biodiversity and agricultural development in Shandong Province.