Expression Level Of Hypoxia Adaptation Related Genes In Plateau Pika

Plateau pika(Ochotona curzoniae)is a unique small mammal in the alpine meadow of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.Its long-term adaptation to the environment has led to a series of changes in its physiological function compared with plain animals.Taking plateau pika as the research object and SD rats as the control animals,this study compared and analyzed the blood routine,lung ultrastructure and lung transcriptome sequencing results of Plateau Pika and SD rats exposed to hypoxia for 21 days and untreated group(control group),screened out the differential genes,and verified the results of the screened differential genes,in order to find out the key genes in the mechanism of hypoxia adaptation,To find target genes for the treatment of altitude sickness.The main results of this study are as follows:1.After hypoxia treatment,the hemoglobin and mean erythrocyte hemoglobin concentrations of plateau pika were significantly higher than those of the control group(p<0.05),and SD rats were significantly higher than those of the control group(p<0.01);The hematocrit,mean red blood cell volume,standard deviation of red blood cell distribution density and coefficient of variation of red blood cell volume increased significantly in Plateau Pika and SD rats(p<0.01);There was no significant difference in the mean erythrocyte hemoglobin concentration and platelet number of plateau pika,but it decreased significantly in SD rats(p<0.01);There was no significant difference in intermediate cells and granulocytes between Plateau Pika and SD rats(p<0.01);There was no significant difference in the number of red blood cells and white blood cells between Plateau Pika and SD rats,but there were some differences in species.2.Compared with the control group,the lung tissue of hypoxic treated SD rats showed vascular remodeling,mitochondrial swelling of vascular endothelial cells,and there was no complete emptying of osmiophilic lamella in the cytoplasm of alveolar type II epithelium.Hypoxia treatment had no significant effect on the lung tissue structure of plateau pika.Osmiophilic lamellar bodies in the cytoplasm of alveolar type?epithelial cells were mostly empty,and there was no vascular remodeling.3.Taking GAPDH as the reference,the expression of Apelin,PECAM-1,C3complement,PFKFB3,MHC,SP-A,SP-B and SP-C was detected.The results showed that the apelin gene of plateau pika increased significantly compared with the control group(p<0.05),and there was no significant difference in apelin gene of SD rats;Compared with the control group,the PECAM-1 gene of SD rats increased significantly(p<0.05),and there was no significant change in PECAM-1 gene of plateau pika;Compared with the control group,the PFKFB3 gene of SD rats increased significantly in the hypoxia group(p<0.05),and there was no significant change in the PFKFB3gene of plateau pika.4.According to the results of qPCR,protein immunoblotting reaction was further carried out for Apelin,PECAM-1 and PFKFB3 genes with significant changes in Plateau Pika and SD rat control group and hypoxia group,and the results were consistent with the results of QRT-PCR expression.5.CoCl₂simulated hypoxia stimulation can induce hypoxia induced by primary cultured pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells(PMVEC)of plateau pika?-Actin was used as the reference gene to detect the expression of Apelin and PECAM-1,in which Apelin was up-regulated to a significant level(p<0.05).