Habitat Selection By Oriental Turtle Dove（Streptopelia Orientalis） In Urban Areas,Lhasa

In recent years,with the increase of urbanization,wildlife habitat is reduced,resulting in a sharp decline in the variety and number of animals in cities.As an important part of the diversity of urban birds and animals,the habitat of mountain turtle doves needs strict protection.The habitat selection of Oriental Turtle dovewas investigated in seven representative sites in Lhasa.A total of 927 mountain turtle doves were observed and 44 nests were found.In the survey results,it was found that one of the samples,namely sera Temple Park,did not observe the nest of mountain turtle doves,but observed the foraging activities of mountain turtle doves,a total of 69 times.According to the characteristics of vegetation species in these 7research sites,the mountain turtle dove preferred to choose the habitats of Tibetan poplar,weeping willow and dry willow as foraging sites or breeding sites.1.Through the comprehensive evaluation of principal components in the study area,the score was related to the environment of the nest because the principal component was related to the information variables of the nest.The comprehensive score of principal components in Zongjiao Lukang Park was the highest at 1.707,indicating that under the nest-related indexes in this area,the higher the index,the more frequent the activity of turtle doves in this area.On the contrary,the principal component comprehensive score of Nagin Campus of Xizang University was-0.589,indicating that the lower the nest correlation index of this area,the less mountain turtle doves preferred this area.2.According to the research data of 7 sites,with the total number of Oriental Turtle doveas the dependent variable and 13 factors such as the noise decibel value of the habitat,soil temperature and soil moisture,altitude and nest as the independent variables,one-way an OVA was conducted.The results of one-way ANOVA showed that,The number of turtle doves was negatively correlated with nest height,nest diameter,nest orientation,nest location,nest distance from road,tree height and altitude,etc.Studies showed that the higher the tree selected by turtle doves to build their nests,the higher the nest was built.3.The results of correlation analysis showed that the number of mountain turtle doves was negatively correlated with nest height,diameter,orientation,location,distance from road,tree height and altitude,etc.This analysis also showed that the higher the tree selected by mountain turtle doves to build their nests,the higher the nest would be.4.According to the result of parameter estimate of multivariate linear regression,the variables are all passed the test of significance,P values were less than 0.05,shows that after dealing with the stepwise regression variable selection and optimization of the result is good,the model of reserved four variables,respectively is decibels（d B +）,soil temperature,soil moisture and the nest.5.According to the model selection results,the optimal model is Model10,which indicates that the combination of the number of mountain turtle doves and environmental noise decibel（d B+）,distance from road,soil temperature,soil moisture,altitude and nest position has the highest correlation.In the linear relationship test of the regression equation,the F statistic was 10.68,and the P value was far less than 0.05,indicating that the overall linear relationship of the model was significant.The goodness of fit of the regression was 0.5227,indicating that 52.27% of the variation of the number of turtle doves could be explained by the multiple regression equation of Y and four independent variables,indicating that the model fit was good.6.According to the field survey,rosaceales,Platycodon and Salicyliaceae were the most in Hebalin campus and Najin Campus of Xizang University;Lalu wetland has the most plants of Platycodon and Rosaceae.The most rosaceae and platycodon plants were found in Norbulingka park and Drepung Temple Park.In Sera Temple Park,there are more plants of Rosaceae,Platycodon grandiflorae,Willow,coniferae and central seed order.Zongjiao Lukang Park rose order,transition flower order,willow plant most.Through correlation analysis,the number of mountain turtle doves was negatively correlated with nest height,diameter,orientation,location,distance from road,tree height and altitude.The study showed that the higher the tree selected,the higher the nest was built,and the number of mountain turtle doves was decreasing.This suggests that mountain doves prefer to nest near the ground.The main reasons for the positive correlation between the number of turtle doves and the noise decibel value（range31d B～76d B）are as follows: First,the time of noise decibel measurement may be inconsistent,leading to the deviation of experimental results;Secondly,according to the habitat analysis,the number of mountain turtle doves observed in Zongjiao Lukang Park is the highest among the seven research sites,with abundant water resources and the highest human flow.Besides,it is close to the highway,and the decibel value of noise such as car horns and sound is also the highest among the seven research sites.It was also found that there were large quantities of grain grains in the ground which attracted large numbers of mountain doves,so it was speculated that human feeding was responsible for this result.According to the above environmental conditions,the flow of people and the noise of the surrounding environment have no obvious negative impact on the mountain turtle doves,which indicates that the mountain turtle doves are gradually adapting to the life of urbanization.