Effects Of The Row Direction On Wine Grape Fruits And Wine Quality In Shangri-la Dry Hot Valley

Vineyard row orientation is one of the main factors for the ability of the canopy to retain sunlight and energy during the growing season.The incoming sunlight is absorbed,transmitted and reflected by grape leaves and fruits,resulting in uneven distribution of light and heat.It has an important influence on the difference of vineyard microclimate and is closely related to the formation of grape fruit quality.The dry and hot valley of Shangri-la has a high altitude,strong solar radiation,complex topography and landform,and obvious difference in ecological conditions.Vineyard orientation can significantly affect the grape fruit and wine quality in this region.In this study,Vitis vinifera l.wine grape variety Cabernet Sauvignon was used as the experimental material to study the impact of the regional development in the dry and hot valley of shangri-la on the grape fruits and wine quality of the main meteorological factors in vineyards,and to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of vineyard development in this region under different ecological conditions.The major result as follows:(1)The change trend of the interfruity temperature and relative humidity in different directions were basically the same as the air temperature and relative humidity in the vineyard,and both of them were higher than the temperature and relative humidity in the vineyard.The north-south interfruity temperature was higher than the east-west interfruity temperature,and there was no significant difference between the east-west interfruity temperature and the east-west interfruity temperature.The daily mean relative humidity in the east and west site was slightly higher than that in the north and south site.The surface temperature of soil in the south is the highest and the surface temperature in the north is the lowest.(2)In the process of grape ripening,reducing sugar content in grape fruits: north-south>east-west,titration acid content: north-south < east-west,the same row to both sides of grape plants grape reducing sugar titration acid content has no obvious difference;The content of total phenol and total anthocyanin in grape skins increased first and then decreased.There was no significant difference between the two sides of the same line of grape plants,and the north-south and east-west lines were different with the ripening of grapes.(3)The content of phenolic substances such as total phenolic tannin total anthocyanin flavanols and flavonoids in wine was higher in the north-south direction than in the east-west direction.The difference of contents in the same row is small.The effect of vineyard on anthocyanin content in grape skins and wine was greater than that in the direction.(4)The vineyard row orientation had significant effect on monomer anthocyanins content in grape skins and wine,had no effect on kind of monomer anthocyanins,and the content of non-acylated,acetylated anthocyanins from grape skin of Xidang vineyard: west>north>east>south?from wine: east>north>west>south;the content of non-acylated,acetylated anthocyanins from grape skin of Sinong vineyard:north-south>east-west,from vineyard: east>west>south>north;The main components of anthocyanins in grape skins are malvidin-glucoside and in wine are malvidin-glucoside and delphinidin-glucoside.(5)The vineyard row direction had a significant effect on the content of non-anthocyanins and the proportion of various non-anthocyanins.The content of non-anthocyanins in grape skins and wine are higher in east-west row direction than in north-south row direction.There were also significant differences in the content of non-anthocyanin phenols in grape skins and wine between the two sides of the same row grape plants.(6)The composition of aroma compounds are the same from grape skin of different row direction,all the content of different kinds of aroma: south>north>west>east,The row direction has great influence on the content of higher alcohols and small on fatty acids and esters;Different kinds of volatile aromatic matter content in wine and proportion are significant differences,esters and fatty acid material in the vineyard,line to the differences between different obviously,such as the west when a vineyard esters content in north-south line to the above things,to the same line to the difference is small,fatty acid north-south line to the below things to,to difference to be markedly,the same line,farmers,on the other hand;The content of volatile benzene derivatives in the east-west direction was higher than that in the north-south direction,and the difference was significant.In summary,the Xidang Vineyard(lower altitude)has a slightly higher interfruity temperature than the Sinong Vineyard(higher altitude),and the relative humidity is slightly lower than the Sinong Vineyard.The north-south direction has a small difference between the east and the west.Generally speaking,the types of polyphenols in the grape and wine are the same in the north-south direction,and the content is slightly higher than the east-west direction.