Functional Nanomaterials For Bioanalysis And Tumor Therapy

Nanozymes are nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics.They are used to address the limitations of natural enzymes and conventional artificial enzymes.The unique physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials not only endow nanozymes with a variety of functions,but also provide more possibilities for the rational design and broad applications.During the past years,nanozymes have been widely used in analysis,therapy,and environmental protection.In this thesis,the functional nanomaterials based on nanozymes were developed and used for small molecule detection and tumor therapy.(1)Alloy-based nanozyme sensor arrays for biothiols detection.Biothiols play an important role in living cells and are associated with many diseases.Thus,it is necessary to develop a facile,costeffective,and convenient analytical method for the detection of biothiols.However,few studies were able to differentiate biothiols from each other.Previous studies demonstrated colorimetric assays for biothiols detection because they could competitively inhibit the peroxidase-like activities of nanozymes.Herein,we first synthesized alloy nanozymes with better peroxidase-like activities than corresponding monometallic noble metal nanozymes.Then,cross-reactive sensor arrays were constructed with three alloy nanozymes.Six typical biothiols were successfully detected and discriminated by the as-prepared nanozyme sensor arrays.Moreover,the practical application of the nanozyme sensor arrays was demonstrated by discriminating biothiols in serum successfully.(2)Tumor microenvironment-responsive nanocomposite for tumor therapy.By exploring the characteristics of tumor microenvironment for therapy,we synthesized the tumor microenvironment responsive nanocomposite.The nanocomposite not only has good peroxidase-like activity,converting the excess H2O2 in the tumor area to hydroxyl radicals with cytotoxicity,but also has excellent photothermal properties.Under the irradiation of an 808 nm laser(2 W cm-2),the temperature was effectively increased by 22? within 5 min.Through the combination of chemodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy,the nanocomposite has been successfully used for the effective treatment of breast cancer in mice.