Preparation And Application Of Micro/Nano Components On Aluminum Surface

Due to its unique size effect,quantum effect,interface effect and volume effect,nanomaterials are widely used in electronic nanodevices industry,aerospace industry,pharmaceutical industry,environmental protection industry,catalytic industry and so on.However,most of nanomaterials in water treatment and catalysis are powder and easy reunion,which are not conducive to large-scale application in industry.In view of the shortcomings of nano-powders in application,various micro/nano-compounds were prepared on the surface of aluminium metal to give full play to the characteristics of large specific surface area of micro/nano-materials.The main research contents are as follows.Aluminum hydroxides were prepared in situ on the surface of metal aluminium by hydrothermal method.The effects of ammonia concentration,temperature and time on the morphology and composition of aluminum hydroxides were studied experimentally.The results showed that the effect of ammonia concentration on the morphology of aluminium hydroxide is obvious.When ammonia was added,micron rod-like bayerite is prepared on aluminium surface.With the increase of ammonia concentration,the rod-like hydroxide on aluminium surface increases.When the reaction solution did not added ammonia,nano-sheet pseudo-boehmite was formed on the surface,and with the increase of temperature and time,the density and crystallinity of aluminium hydroxide nanosheets increased.Nano-scale pseudo-boehmite aluminium hydroxide prepared under neutral conditions was used as adsorbent for organic dyes.The adsorption effects of different types of dyes were compared and the adsorption capacity of pseudo-boehmite prepared at different temperatures was studied.The results of adsorption experiments show that pseudo-boehmite is easier to adsorb anionic dyes.The adsorption capacity of pseudo-boehmite at 50? is the best and the maximum adsorption capacity is 1509.6 mg/g.The isothermal adsorption model of pseudo-boehmite conforms to Langmuir isothermal adsorption model,and the kinetic adsorption model of pseudo-boehmite conforms to pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The cyclic adsorption experiments show that the adsorption capacity of pseudo-boehmite decreases slightly after ten cycles.Zn-Al layered double hydroxide were prepared by hydrothermal method on the surface of metallic aluminium.The effects of one-step method and two-step method on the preparation of Zn-Al layered double hydroxide were compared.The effects of temperature,time,NH3-H2O concentration and Zn2+ concentration on the morphology and composition of Zn-Al layered double hydroxide were investigated in detail.The concerntration of zinc ion is 4 mmol/L and the concerntration of ammonia concentration is 1%,which are beneficial for Zn-Al layered double hydroxide with good crystallinity.The prolongation of time and the increase of temperature are beneficial to the preparation of Zn-Al layered double hydroxide with good crystallinity.Two-step preparation of Zn-Al layered double hydroxide overcomes the disadvantage of one-step preparation of Zn-Al layered double hydroxide with poor adhesion.After ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour,the Zn-Al layered double hydroxide still adhere to the surface of metal aluminum.When the concentration ratio of zinc ion to aluminium ion is 4:1,a large number of Zn-Al layered double hydroxide are prepared on the surface of metal aluminium.