Synthesis,Characterization,and Performance Of Functional Porous Organic Polymers

With the increasing global demand for energy and environmental pollution based on the widespread development of science,technology and industry,the exploration of green,sustainable energy and efficient environmental remediation systems has attracted much attention in recent decades.Porous organic polymers(POPs)are widely used in gas storage and separation,energy storage,chemical sensor,drug delivery,photoelectron,Proton conductivity,heterogeneous catalysis and so on because of their high specific surface area,permanent porous structure,diverse structural units and excellent thermochemical stability.The pore sizes and specific surface area of POPs can be optimized by controlling the building blocks and polymerization techniques.At the same time,these materials can be chemically modified by various functional groups to obtain new properties.Therefore,POPs as a class of functional porous materials has potential application value in the field of environment and energy.In this thesis,a series of functional porous organic polymers were synthesized by choosing suitable reactive monomers and controlling the reaction conditions,which were applied to the adsorption and separation of heavy metal mercury ions in the environment and supercapacitors.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Two kinds of functional porous organic polymers LNU-48 and LNU-49 were prepared by Suzuki coupling reaction of thiophene-containing organic monomers with tris{4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-phenyl}amine.The two materials have long conjugated skeleton,large number of chelating sites and high affinity,which can realize the rapid adsorption of heavy metal mercury ions.The experimental results show that this kind of materials also show high adsorption capacity for mercury ions in strong acid.The adsorption capacity of LNU-49 to Hg²⁺was up to 375 mg/g in aqueous solution.LNU-48 and LNU-49 have good adsorption selectivity to Hg²⁺,and can be reused,even in the presence of other metal ions.The interaction mechanism between Hg²⁺and the two materials was investigated by means of XPS and FT-IR,the excellent properties may be attributed to the synergistic effect of closely packed thiophene sites and the rapid diffusion in micropores and Mesopores.The above results show that the porous organic polymer containing sulfur,as a new type of solid adsorbent,is very suitable for the adsorption and separation of heavy metal Hg²⁺in wastewater,and may have practical application for the treatment of acidic industrial waste liquid in the future.(2)A series of functional porous organic polymers,LNU-50,LNU-51,LNU-52and LNU-53,Were successfully synthesized by the friedel-crafts copolymerization of organic monomers containing carbazole units with cyanuric chloride,the porous carbon materials were prepared by direct carbonization of four kinds of materials at different temperatures(800?1000°C),and were applied to supercapacitor electrodes to investigate their electrochemical properties in 6 M KOH.The results show that1000°C is the best carbonization temperature for the four materials,and LNU-52-1000,which has the highest specific surface area,exhibits the best electrochemical properties.At a current density of 1 A/g,the highest specific capacitance can reach 402 F/g,and the material also has good ratio performance and excellent cycle stability.The excellent performance is attributed to the extended conjugation system of LNU-52-1000 for fast electron conduction,high specific surface area,good pore structure and nitrogen doping which increases the wettability of the material.The above results show that this kind of materials as supercapacitor electrodes have a good application prospect of the field of environmental energy storage.