Preparation And Properties Of Crude Glycerol Polyurethane Oil Absorption Material

Since the 21st century,the world economy has developed rapidly,and the demand for petroleum resources in metallurgy,steel,petrochemical and other industries has been increasing.In the process of oil extraction,storage,and transportation,oil spills often occur.Oil spills not only cause serious waste of resources,but also cause fatal harm to the marine ecosystem.Flexible polyurethane foam(FPUF)is expected to become an excellent oil-absorbing material due to its unique three-dimensional porous network structure,low density,high open cell rate,and good resilience.The surface of the polyurethane material contains a large number of polar bonds and has a certain degree of hydrophilicity.During the oil-water separation process,the foam will absorb part of the water,resulting in a decrease in the oil-water separation performance of the foam.Therefore,the foam needs to be modified with hydrophobic and lipophilic properties.It has excellent oil-water separation performance.At present,most of the raw materials of polyurethane foam are petroleum-based products.In order to reduce the dependence on non-renewable fossil resources,vigorously develop renewable energy and develop new green biomass-based polyurethane new materials,it is of great practical significance to reduce the dependence on petroleum-based polyurethane raw materials and production costs.Crude glycerol(CG),as a by-product in the biodiesel production process,has complex components and low economic value.The high-value conversion of crude glycerol plays an important role in promoting the sustainable development of the biodiesel industry.This topic uses unpurified crude glycerol as the main raw material to synthesize crude glycerol polyol(CG-polyol)under high temperature environment,and biopolyurethane foam was prepared by patrtially replacing commercial polyether polyol with CG-polyol.Finally,the CG-based polyurethane soft foam is hydrophobically modified to improve the hydrophobic and lipophilic properties,making the CG-based polyurethane oil-absorbing material suitable for high-efficiency oil-water separation.The conclusions are as follows:(1)A variety of CG-polyols were synthesized by changing the polymerization reaction time,esterification reaction time,and the amount of auxiliaries ZD:polyglycerol,use CG-polyol and commercial polyether polyol to prepare CG-based polyurethane oil-absorbing material.By analyzing the performance of the oil-absorbing material,it is determined that the reaction conditions of the CG-polyol in this subject are polymerization reaction time 3h,esterification reaction time 7h,and auxiliaries ZD:polyglycerol is 3.The CG-polyol has a hydroxyl value of 139 mg KOH/mg,an acid value of 1.7 mg OKH/mg,a viscosity of 1125 mPa·s,and a water content of 0.39%.The CG-polyol was characterized by gas chromatography mass spectrometry,nuclear magnetic energy spectrometer,infrared spectrometer,etc.The results showed that CG was converted into glycerol ZD esters by its own polymerization and esterification with auxiliaries ZD under high temperature.(2)By optimizing the formulation of CG-based oil-absorbing materials,the optimal formulation were 25 parts CG-polyol,55 parts polyether polyol 330N,20 parts polyether polyol 3628,0.3 parts A-33,0.3 parts A-1,0.3 parts T-9,0.6 parts Y-10366,1 part ethylene glycol,4 parts water,0.9 isocyanate index.The FPUF has a density of 42.52 kg/m3,a higher open porosity,the adsorption capacity of organic solvents(ethanol,methanol,dichloromethane,chloroform,acetone,toluene,diesel,kerosene,soybean oil)is 9.02?43.73 g/g.(3)In order to improve the oil-water separation performance of the foam,the superhydrophobic PU/polysiloxane oil-absorbing material was successfully synthesized by the hydrolysis reaction and polycondensation reaction of methyltrichlorosilane,and the water contact angle of the material was increased from 130° to 140°,the hydrophobic performance is improved.The adsorption capacity of organic solvents(ethanol,methanol,dichloromethane,chloroform,acetone,toluene,diesel,kerosene,soybean oil)is 16.67?45.15 g/g,and the adsorption capacity is significantly improved;After 50 cycles of use,the adsorption capacity for diesel and soybean oil can still reach 95.8%and 97.6%of the highest adsorption capacity.In addition,the modified oil-absorbing material has higher thermal stability and carbon residue rate.