Research On Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Straightening Of Shaft Parts

Shaft parts are widely used in modern machinery and equipment,but during production,heat treatment,forming processing,and transportation will cause the bending to fail to meet the straightness requirements due to factors such as external force and temperature.Therefore,it is necessary to straighten shaft parts.With the development of society,automated straightening began to gradually replace manual straightening methods.Scholars at home and abroad have carried out three-point anti-alignment research from many aspects,and developed automated straightening equipment based on the three-point inverted straightening process,and achieved good results in commercial applications.However,in use,individual parts may have cracks or even fractures during straightening,and some parts have high strength and high hardness.It is difficult to straighten.Ultrasonic vibration assisted forming technology can significantly reduce the forming stress and yield strength of materials,and has a wide range of applications in the processing of high-strength materials and high-hardness materials.In this paper,the conventional straightening process and ultrasonic vibration assisted forming technology are combined,and the influence of ultrasonic vibration on the straightening process of shaft parts is studied through theoretical analysis,finite element simulation technology,building an ultrasonic vibration assisted straightening test platform and a combination of experiments.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:(1)This paper discusses the influence of material constitutive relationship under ultrasonic vibration,analyzes the effect of straightening under the assistance of ultrasonic vibration combined with elastic-plastic mechanics,and demonstrates the feasibility of ultrasonic vibration straightening.(2)The finite element model of straightening process under ultrasonic vibration is established,and the stress-strain relationship of material,the parameters affecting straightening and springback are discussed from the perspective of simulation.(3)According to the requirements of the test,the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary straightening test device was designed and completed,including the ultrasonic generating system and the straightening motion control system.The design and selection methods of the transducer and horn in the ultrasonic generation system are described,and the modal harmonic response analysis is performed;the hardware selection,actuator,control programming,circuit diagram design and final assembly of the motion control system are completed.(4)Combined with the parameters that affect the straightening effect in the simulation analysis,the straightening contrast test with or without ultrasonic vibration is carried out.The feasibility of straightening after introducing ultrasonic vibration is verified from the angle of experiment.The research results show that the introduction of ultrasonic vibration in the conventional straightening method can reduce the amount of springback and increase the plastic deformation of the material,so that the straightening can be carried out with a smaller amount of pressure,and the possibility of cracks and fractures in the parts can be reduced.