| The railway tanker is one of the widely used train wagons in railway transportation.It transports mostly flammable,explosive and other dangerous goods.Once a leakage accident occurs,it will cause serious casualties and property losses.Therefore,the security of the railway tanker operation is very important.This article takes GQ70 light oil rail tanker as the research object,and uses Creo 3.0,ANSYS Workbench 19.0 and LS-Prepost 4.3 software to study the static strength and side impact performance of the railway tanker.In terms of static strength,static analysis of the empty and loaded tankers has been carried out to consider the influence of gravity,pressure in the tanker and other factors on the strength of the tank,static analysis was performed on both empty and loaded tanks,and the equivalent stress distribution of the tanker was obtained;Considering the influence of ambient temperature and wheel tread temperature on the strength of the tank,the thermo-mechanical analysis of the tanker was carried out.Compare the results with the results of the static simulation analysis.In terms of side collision performance,Simulate the collision between tanker and trucks at level crossing under empty and loaded tankers,respectively.Under the empty tanker condition,the effect of collision mass and collision velocity on the maximum equivalent stress of the tank was studied;In the loaded tanker condition,the SPH method in fluid-solid coupling is used to simulate fluid cargo,and the effect of fluid-solid coupling in the collision process is considered for analysis.Optimize the structure of the tank,change the tank wall to a foam aluminum sandwich structure with good anti-vibration and energy absorption abilities,and add a wave baffle inside the tank to prevent liquid sloshing.The comparison with the original tanker proves the effectiveness of the optimization scheme in this paper.Analysis results show that:(1)Static analysis states that the maximum equivalent stress of the tanks for the empty and loaded tankers is 105.04 MPa and 105.29 MPa,respectively.They all appear in the manhole.The yield strength of the material is not reached,so the tanker is safe.(2)In the thermal-mechanical analysis,the equivalent stress of the wheel position exceeded 700MPa;the stress at the bottom of the tank body is increased significantly.Compared with static conditions,the equivalent stress is increased about 110 MPa.In addition,the temperature field has little effect on the top area of the tank and can be ignored.(3)For the empty tanker,in the mass range of 2 ～ 8t and the collision speed of 20km/h,the collision mass and the maximum equivalent stress of the tank conform to the distribution law of the quadratic function;in the speed range of 10 ～ 50km/h and the truck mass is 8t,the collision speed and the maximum equivalent stress of the tank conform to the distribution law of a linear function.(4)For the loaded tanker,when an 8t truck hits the heavy vehicle at a speed of 20km/h,the maximum equivalent stress of the tank body will exceed 2000 MPa,which is far greater than the yield strength of the material,and the tank body has been damaged.(5)Optimize the structure of the tank,the comparison with the original tanker shows that: the maximum equivalent stress of the empty and loaded tanks after optimization is reduced by 68.4% and 56.7%,respectively.The crashworthiness of tankers has been significantly improved.The results of this paper provide a certain reference for the future research on the collision performance of railway tankers,and provide a certain theoretical basis for the optimized design of railway tankers. |
