Risk Analysis Of Catalytic Reforming Unit And Leakage Consequence Quantitative Simulation

Petroleum refining is a highly dangerous industrial process,in which,a large amount of inflammable,explosive,toxic and hazardous substances are used or produced.The process itself is quite complex and usually performed under high temperature and high pressure.To improve safety in the refining industry,it is crucial to evaluate the refining equipment as well as its risk determinants and to perform the quantitative risk analysis.The catalytic reforming is the most important process for the petroleum refineries companies,which is not only the critical equipment to produce aromatic hydrocarbons,but also the key process to produce the high-octane gasoline stocks.In this thesis,the potential risks of catalytic reformer,chemicals are investigated by utilizing risk factors assessment method,HAZOP analysis method,Fault Tree Analysis method and ALOHA simulation software.The thesis investigated the potential risk factors of catalytic reformer and chemicals,created the risk factors evaluation table based on the risk factors assessment method and determined that the 10 setups were defined as Class I(high-risk),which include stripper,depentanizer,C4/C5 separation column and etc.By utilizing HAZOP analysis method,the causes and consequences of process parameters deviation were fully analyzed,and reasonable suggestions were provided.A semi-quantitative screening of the catalytic reformer was performed by using a combined method of HAZOP analysis method and risk matrix.In addition,statistical analysis was performed on the causes and consequences with higher risk degrees.For C4 and C5 leakage accident with high-risk,the most important influence factor was identified by using Accident Tree Analysis method.The jet fire,flash fire and explosion result from C4 and C5 leakage were simulated and analyzed using ALHOA software,which achieved the quantitative analysis of HAZOP consequences.Moreover,the influence of different process parameters on leakage consequences were investigated.The leakage aperture size,wind speed and the presence of cloud on the leakage consequences were analyzed and the influence areas were generated,which could provide scientific insights into emergency rescue and evacuation.