Study On Oil-water Separation Composite Fiber Membrane Prepared By Electrospinning

In recent years,the increasingly serious water pollution problem has caused great troubles to economic development and human life.Dealing with water pollution has attracted the attention of many scientific researchers.The researchers found that the composite membrane can directly separate the oil droplets in the emulsion.This method is simple to operate,high in efficiency,and low in cost.Among them,the oil-water separation polymer fiber membrane prepared by electrospinning has excellent hydrophilic/hydrophobicity,simple preparation process and long service life,making it one of the best choices for oil-water separation membrane materials.However,polymer fiber membranes have low oil-water separation efficiency and single function,which limits its development and application.Previous studies have shown that the use of some inorganic materials to modify pure membranes can improve the separation efficiency of the membranes and enhance the photodegradability.In this paper,two high-performance oil-water separation composite membranes were prepared according to the characteristics of oil-in-water pollution and water-in-oil pollution.For oil-in-water pollution,firstly synthesize molybdenum disulfide(MoS₂)nanoflowers by hydrothermal method,then use electrospinning method to compound the nanoflowers on polyacrylonitrile(PAN)fibers,and finally obtain a PAN/MoS₂ composite fiber membrane material with double-layer structure.Through the test and analysis of the structure,morphology and performance of the composite membrane,the results show that the MoS₂ nanoflower modified composite membrane has a separation efficiency of 98.9%for different oil-water emulsions and mixtures,and the adsorption effect of methylene blue can reach more than 99.5%.For water-in-oil pollution,the hydrophobic and lipophilic material polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)is selected firstly.And then,Ti O₂ nanoparticles were grown in situ on the surface of PVDF fiber by hydrothermal method.Finally,the PVDF/Ti O₂ composite fiber membrane with high separation efficiency was prepared.The results show that the addition of Ti O₂nanoparticles increases the surface roughness of the composite membrane,thereby enhancing the oil-water separation effect of the composite membrane.The separation effect of the composite membrane on the mixture of carbon tetrachloride oil and water can be as high as98%.At the same time,Ti O₂ nanoparticles increase the photodegradability of the composite film to organic dyes.The degradation effect of the composite film on the three organic dyes of methyl orange,rhodamine B and methylene blue under natural light reached 64.3%,92.1%and77.3%,respectively.Ti O₂ nanoparticles make the single-function oil-water separation composite membrane with multifunctional characteristics.In summary,the multifunctional composite membrane has high adsorption,high photodegradability and high oil-water separation efficiency was prepared by the combination of electrostatic spinning and hydrothermal method,and it has great potential for development in the treatment of water pollution.