Investigation And Research On Lead Smelting Sites From The Warring States Period To The Han Dynasty In Tongshanling,jiangyong County,hunan Province

The Tongshanling site is located in Tongshanling Farm,Jiangyong County,Hunan Province,with an area of about 2,000 square meters.In the 1980 s,the site was identified as a smelting site from the Warring States Period to the Han Dynasty.As the earliest lead smelting site discovered in Hunan,the Tongshanling site is an important physical evidence for studying the technical level of lead smelting in Hunan from the Warring States Period to the Han Dynasty and the source of lead materials for bronzes.In December 2020,this study conducted a field investigation and collected metallurgical relics at the Tongshanling site.In this study,the energy dispersive Xray fluorescence spectrometer EDX-8100 was used to detect and analyze the matrix composition of the 15 and slag samples collected from the site,and four representative slag samples collected from the site,such as scanning electron microscope(SEM-EDS),were used.Detection and analysis of three phases including fayalite phase,silicate glass phase and metal particles.Through experimental detection and analysis,the research results show that the 15 slag samples from the Tongshanling site are all reduced slag with similar components,basically do not contain SO3,contain a certain amount of Pb O,and the content is relatively stable.The slag can be classified into the sinteringreduction smelting method,which belongs to the iron-silicon-aluminum series,has a suitable melting point and good fluidity,and the average silicic acidity is about0.7,which is more suitable.The smelted product is crude lead.Use charcoal as fuel and reducing agent.The above research shows that the smelting technology in Hunan has reached a certain level from the Warring States Period to the Han Dynasty.