Evaluating The Health Of China’s Tourism Ecosystem And Its Influencing Factors

Under the background of "mass tourism",tourism industry is developing rapidly,which brings remarkable economic benefits.However,with the gradual expansion of tourism scale,the balance of tourism ecosystem has been destroyed,and the blind development and utilization of tourism resources have a lot of impacts on tourism ecosystem,which can’t be ignored.The health of tourism ecosystem has become an urgent problem in China.What is the health of China’s current tourism ecosystem?What are the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics? What is the rate of dynamic change and transfer probability? What are the factors that affect the health of tourism ecosystem? This series of problems are important to promote the health of tourism ecosystem.First of all,based on the DPSIR model,this paper establishes the evaluation index system of China’s tourism ecosystem health;secondly,calculates the tourism ecosystem health of 30 provinces and cities in China(except Tibet)by using entropy weight method and linear weight method,and analyzes its spatiotemporal change characteristics by using GIS spatial analysis,dynamic degree model and Markov chain;finally,uses panel model to analyze its impact factors Element analysis.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)From 2004 to 2017,the health index of China’s tourism ecosystem has been gradually increasing.As a whole,the health index of tourism ecosystem in the eastern region is the highest,followed by that in the central region,and the lowest in the western region,which is characterized by "gradientization".The health indexes of driving force subsystem,state subsystem,influence subsystem and response subsystem are all gradually increasing,while the health indexes of pressure subsystem are decreasing.During the research period,the health level of China’s tourism ecosystem has been gradually improved,and the health status of the tourism ecosystem is concentrated in the middle type,which is characterized by "more in the middle and less in the two ends".The provinces and cities with better health status of the tourism ecosystem are concentrated in the coastal areas,showing a distribution pattern of "higher in the East and lower in the west".(2)From the perspective of the change speed of the level,the number of the level of tourism ecosystem health in China gradually increased with the increase of the level in 2004-2017.The change of health type of higher level tourism ecosystem is not obvious.During the research period,the health status of China’s tourism ecosystem is gradually improving,but the number of healthier provinces and cities is still small.The transfer probability of tourism ecosystem health level shows that: the probability of benign transfer of tourism ecosystem health level type is low in 2004-2017,and there is no jump transfer of tourism ecosystem health level in the whole research period,and the better the health status of tourism ecosystem,the lower the probability of transfer.(3)From the perspective of the influencing factors of tourism ecosystem health,there are differences in the impact of labor input,scientific and technological development level,industrial structure,tourism transportation level and government regulation ability on China and the three regions.The health of tourism ecosystem is the necessary condition to realize the long-term sustainable development of tourism.The public’s tourism demand and willingness are increasingly strengthened,the environmental pressure of tourism ecosystem is further increased,and the health of tourism ecosystem is guaranteed,so as to ensure the healthy and sustainable development of tourism industry.From the macro level,analyzing the temporal and spatial characteristics of tourism ecosystem health and its influencing factors can effectively grasp the health status of China’s tourism ecosystem,make governments at all levels pay attention to the health problems faced by the tourism ecosystem while enjoying the huge economic benefits brought by tourism development,improve the importance of ecological environment protection,make the right decision for the healthy development of tourism,so as to promote the sustainable development of tourism.