| With the rapid growth of global urbanization,cities will inevitably bring a series of severe environmental problems,such as the greenhouse effect,heat island effect,urban waterlogging,smog and noise pollution.Compared with the past,the urban ecological environment is facing more risks and vulnerabilities.As far as China is concerned,it is currently in the stage of rapid progress of new-type urbanization.How to integrate ecosystems and build a pattern of urban ecological security has become the focus of current urban healthy development and ecological civilization construction.Urban ecological resilience is a new concept derived from the concept of urban resilience,that is,when urban ecosystems face their own uncertain factors or external coercion,the ecosystem defends before the disaster;when a disaster occurs,it responds in a timely manner A dynamic timing capability that continuously optimizes the ecosystem after the disaster subsides.This concept is exactly in line with the goals of urban ecological civilization construction in the context of new urbanization:reducing urban ecological vulnerability and improving the ability to respond to disaster crises.Based on this,this paper constructs a measurement model of urban ecological resilience,and conducts empirical research on the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of urban ecological resilience in Yunnan Province and 16 prefectures from 2008 to 2017.The main results are as follows:First,the evaluation index system of urban ecological resilience in Yunnan Province was established.First,in combination with relevant domestic and foreign literature and theories,the urban ecological resilience and its three important performance characteristics(defense ability,response ability and learning ability)are defined.Then,based on Yunnan province’s conditions and the concepts of urban ecological resilience,an evaluation index system for urban ecological resilience in Yunnan including three primary indicators of defense ability,response ability and learning ability and 26 secondary indicators was constructed.Second,an empirical analysis is made on the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the overall urban ecological resilience in Yunnan Province.Theresults show that:(1)During the ten years from 2008 to 2017,the ecological resilience of urban areas in Yunnan rose in a wavy manner,with an average growth rate of 40.91%.(2)There is a large gap between the urban ecological toughness values of the 16 prefectures.(3)In the past ten years,the number of cities in Yunnan Province that have evolved from low-resilience areas to high-resilience areas has been increasing.As of 2017,68.75% of prefectures and cities have entered the area of high toughness;(4)The spatial agglomeration of urban eco-resilience in 16 prefectures in Yunnan Province is not outstanding,and the spatial structure performance does not have locking features.(5)The center of gravity of urban ecological resilience in Yunnan moves around the central Yunnan urban agglomeration,which is closely related to the economic development capacity of the central Yunnan urban agglomeration.(6)It is predicted that the overall urban ecological resilience in Yunnan Province will continue to increase from 2018 to 2022.However,the development trends of urban ecological resilience in 16 prefectures are different,and they are mainly divided into three categories: steady rise,ups and downs,and declines.Third,the empirical analysis of the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the urban ecological resilience subsystem in Yunnan Province.The research results show that:(1)During 2008-2017,the average growth rates of the three subsystems of urban ecological resilience in 16 prefectures and cities in Yunnan Province were significantly different,and the comprehensive score of learning ability>comprehensive score of response ability > comprehensive defense ability Score.It shows that the defense capability has become a shortcoming in the construction of the ecological toughness subsystem in Yunnan Province,and the "barrel effect" is prominent.(2)During the period of 2008-2017,the coupling degree of the urban ecological resilience subsystems in Yunnan Province was between 0.90 and 0.99,which indicates that the urban ecological resilience subsystems have interactions and interconnections.However,the degree of coupling and coordination of the urban ecological resilience subsystems in the 16 prefectures is only between mild antagonism and mild coordination,indicating that the degree of coordination betweenthe urban ecological resilience subsystems is low.Fourth,the first five key factors that play a key role in the overall urban ecological resilience in Yunnan Province are combed,and measures to improve the level of urban ecological resilience in Yunnan Province are proposed.The first five key factors in descending order of weight are: annual average temperature,urbanization rate,the proportion of the secondary industry in GDP,the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solids,and the proportion of the tertiary industry in GDP.The top five factors in descending order of importance of ecological resilience are:annual average temperature,the proportion of GDP in the secondary industry,the proportion of GDP in the tertiary industry,urban population density,and green coverage in built-up areas.Combining the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of urban ecological resilience in Yunnan Province,it is proposed that starting from two perspectives of complementing the "short board" of urban ecological resilience and optimizing the key elements of urban ecological resilience,by establishing a climate drought warning mechanism,protecting ecological factors,and coordinating regional economic development and Vigorously develop the tourism industry and other measures to improve the province’s urban ecological resilience level and form a pattern of urban ecological security. |
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