Preparation Of Imidazole Ionic Liquids And Electrodeposition Of Copper And Nickel

Step by step to replace and the substitution reaction synthesis proposed in this paper is suitable for the laboratory synthesis of ionic liquids in the synthesis method,1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt[C₄C₁Im]Cl,and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate salt（[C₄C₁Im][BF₄]）,1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate salt（[C₄C₁Im][PF₆]）,1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluoroacetate salt（[C₄C₁Im][OAc]）four imidazole ionic liquids.By infrared spectroscopy and XPS semi-quantitative analysis,the difference between atomic number and theoretical value was less than 10%,which verified that the atomic number conforms to the purity requirement of electrochemical experiment theoretically.The charge correction method of imidazolidine ionic liquid in XPS detection was determined.When the value was greater than 0.75,the measured Caliphatic 1s value,i.e.285.0e V binding energy,could be used for the CHARGE correction of XPS spectrum.When the value is less than 0.75,charge correction can be performed by F 1S peak（686.0e V for[C₄C₁Im][BF₄]and686.8e V for[C₄C₁Im][PF₆]）.The nucleation mechanism of cu ion and Ni ion and its influence on deposition morphology were analyzed by voltammetric cycle test,constant potential step test and constant potential electrodeposition.The results show that the copper ion reduction process is an irreversible reduction controlled by diffusion,and the nucleation method is three-dimensional continuous nucleation.The nickel ion reduction process is an irreversible reduction controlled by electrode adsorption,and the nucleation method is three-dimensional continuous nucleation.The influence of nucleophilicity and fluidity of imidazolyl ionic liquids on electrochemical performance was analyzed.Generally speaking,the stronger nucleophilicity,the better fluidity,the better electrochemical performance of ionic liquids.Carefully studied and analyzed the1-butyl-3-methyl imidazole chloride Weng salt（[C₄C₁Im]Cl）electrochemical behavior,found in CuCl2-[C₄C₁Im]Cl system,CuCl₂and ionic liquid Cl^-in the form[CuCl₄]^-and[Cu₂Cl₅]^-2 complex,wrap copper ion complexing products,reduce the migration rate of copper ions,resulting in the decrease of the current system,lead to eventually to sedimentary copper elemental.